Activation cross sections of proton induced nuclear reactions on palladium up to 80 MeV

Abstract

Activation cross sections of proton induced nuclear reactions on palladium were measured up to 80 MeV by using the stacked foil irradiation technique and gamma ray spectrometry. The beam intensity, the incident energy and the energy degradation were controlled by a method based on flux constancy via normalization to the excitation functions of monitor reactions measured in parallel. Excitation functions for direct and cumulative cross-sections were measured for the production of 104m,104g,105g,106m,110m Ag, 100,101 Pd, 99m,99g,100,101m,101g,102m,102g,105 Rh and 103,97 Ru radioisotopes. The cross section data were compared with the theoretical predictions of TENDL-2014 and -2015 libraries. For practical applications thick target yields were derived from the measured excitation functions. Application in the field of medical radionuclide production is shortly discussed.

Recommended nuclear data for medical radioisotope production: diagnostic gamma emitters

“…112 Cd(p,2n) 111 In Nine experimental datasets were found in the literature for the 112 Cd(p,2n) 111 In reaction [104][105][106][107][108][109][110][111][112]. All data are shown in Fig.…”

“…Eight selected experimental datasets for the 112 Cd(p,2n)111 In reaction[104,[106][107][108][109][110][111][112] with the Padé fit (L = 9, N = 100, v 2 = 1.46) and estimated uncertainties as percentages (dashed line, righthand scale)…”

Measurement of activation cross-section of long-lived products in deuteron induced nuclear reactions on palladium in the 30–50 MeV energy range

“…Proton induced nuclear reactions on palladium have applications in different fields of biological studies, nuclear medicine and labeling for industrial processes. A more detailed comparison of different production routes was done in our previous paper (Tárkányi et al, 2016). Here, production routes of these isotopes are discussed considering the results of the presently studied deuteron induced reactions.…”

“…103 Pd (trough 103 Ag) Because of its suitable half-life and decay characteristics 103 Pd (16.991 d) is clinically used in permanent brachytherapy. For complete review of production routes of the 103 Pd we refer to our previous work (Tárkányi et al, 2016;Tárkányi et al, 2009 Pd(d,n) with the proton reaction is more productive. Similarly for production of 106 Ag (T1/2 = 8.28 d) the 106 Pd(p,n) and 106 Pd(d,2n) reactions are available.…”

“…Among others, the excitation curves and production capabilities for deuteron induced reactions on nat Pd for the medically relevant 104m,g Ag (PET imaging), 111 Ag and 103 Pd (therapeutic applications) were investigated. The extension of crosssection database for proton induced reactions on palladium up to 80 MeV was recently published (Tárkányi et al, 2016). As for deuteron induced reactions no datasets above 40 MeV (up to 40 MeV only our earlier results) are available in the literature.…”