Activation of a bacterial killing machine

Alcock, Felicity; Palmer, Tracy

doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.1009261

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 26 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The IreK-mediated response to phage- or daptomycin-induced membrane damage in E. faecalis is highly specific, since the T7SS was not activated by treatment with membrane-destabilising bile salts, nor by the cell wall-inhibiting antibiotic ceftriaxone, which also activates an IreK-dependent stress response [ 71 ]. Interestingly the DNA-damaging antibiotic mitomycin C also activated T7SSb transcription leading to speculation that T7 upregulation might be activated in response to T7 attack from both membrane-permeabilising and nuclease toxins, activities frequently associated with LXG domains [ 108 ]. Collectively, data suggest that stressors stimulating T7 activity are specific, and pathways can vary between strains, perhaps reflecting the specific environmental challenges faced by different strains.…”

Section: The T7ssb As a Bacterial Weaponmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interbacterial competition mediated by the type VIIb secretion system

Boardman,

Palmer,

Alcock

2023

Microbiology

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Successful occupancy of a given niche requires the colonising bacteria to interact extensively with the biotic and abiotic environment, including other resident microbes. Bacteria have evolved a range of protein secretion machines for this purpose with eleven such systems identified to date. The type VIIb secretion system (T7SSb) is utilised by Bacillota to secrete a range of protein substrates, including antibacterial toxins targeting closely related strains, and the system as a whole has been implicated in a range of activities such as iron acquisition, intercellular signalling, host colonisation and virulence. This review covers the components and secretion mechanism of the T7SSb, the substrates of these systems and their roles in Gram-positive bacteria, with a focus on interbacterial competition.

show abstract

Section: The T7ssb As a Bacterial Weaponmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interbacterial competition mediated by the type VIIb secretion system

Boardman,

Palmer,

Alcock

2023

Microbiology

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The 3′ region of rhs encodes a recombination of a C-terminal toxin tRNase domain and its downstream gene, while the 5′ end of rhs encodes a T5SS contact-dependent inhibition (CDI) passenger domain, which enables cell surface expression and transfer of the C-terminal toxic effector domain to inhibit the growth of E. coli prey cells [ 102 , 103 ]. In Gram-negative bacteria, both T5SS and T6SS secrete toxins to the extracellular space, which antagonize other microorganisms and thus seize the living environment [ 104 ].…”

Section: The Love and Hate Relationshipmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Love and Hate Relationship between T5SS and Other Secretion Systems in Bacteria

Luo,

Chen,

Lian

et al. 2023

IJMS

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Bacteria have existed on Earth for billions of years, exhibiting ubiquity and involvement in various biological activities. To ensure survival, bacteria usually release and secrete effector proteins to acquire nutrients and compete with other microorganisms for living space during long-term evolution. Consequently, bacteria have developed a range of secretion systems, which are complex macromolecular transport machines responsible for transporting proteins across the bacterial cell membranes. Among them, one particular secretion system that stands out from the rest is the type V secretion system (T5SS), known as the “autotransporter”. Bacterial activities mediated by T5SS include adherence to host cells or the extracellular matrix, invasion of host cells, immune evasion and serum resistance, contact-dependent growth inhibition, cytotoxicity, intracellular flow, protease activity, autoaggregation, and biofilm formation. In a bacterial body, it is not enough to rely on T5SS alone; in most cases, T5SS cooperates with other secretion systems to carry out bacterial life activities, but regardless of how good the relationship is, there is friction between the secretion systems. T5SS and T1SS/T2SS/T3SS/T6SS all play a synergistic role in the pathogenic processes of bacteria, such as nutrient acquisition, pathogenicity enhancement, and immune modulation, but T5SS indirectly inhibits the function of T4SS. This could be considered a love–hate relationship between secretion systems. This paper uses the systematic literature review methodology to review 117 journal articles published within the period from 1995 to 2024, which are all available from the PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus databases and aim to elucidate the link between T5SS and other secretion systems, providing clues for future prevention and control of bacterial diseases.

show abstract

“…The biofilm matrix shields bacteria from phage attack by trapping phage particles and preventing diffusion (Sutherland et al, A biofilm can protect phages from the eukaryotic immune system, and these trapped viruses may in turn limit biofilm growth (Simmons et al, 2018;Hansen et al, 2019;Bond et al, 2021) so that in a stabilized biofilm, bacteria and phages may coexist in dynamic equilibrium (Fern andez et al, 2018;Hansen et al, 2019;Pires et al, 2021). Bacteria may produce matrix-degrading substances when challenged with phages (Alcock & Palmer, 2021;de C assia Oliveira et al, 2021) and can also secrete phage-inactivating substances (Pires et al, 2021). E. coli can halt phage invasion of mature biofilms through expression of curli fibres that affect biofilm architecture, hinder phage diffusion and physically protect the bacterial cell surface (Price & Chapman, 2018;Vidakovic et al, 2018;Bond et al, 2021).…”

Section: Special States: Biofilmsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biological foundations of successful bacteriophage therapy

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Bacteriophages (phages) are selective viral predators of bacteria. Abundant and ubiquitous in nature, phages can be used to treat bacterial infections (phage therapy), including refractory infections and those resistant to antibiotics. However, despite an abundance of anecdotal evidence of efficacy, significant hurdles remain before routine implementation of phage therapy into medical practice, including a dearth of robust clinical trial data. Phage-bacterium interactions are complex and diverse, characterized by coevolution trajectories that are significantly influenced by the environments in which they occur (mammalian body sites, water, soil, etc.). An understanding of the molecular mechanisms underpinning these dynamics is essential for successful clinical translation. This review aims to cover key aspects of bacterium-phage interactions that affect bacterial killing by describing the most relevant published literature and detailing the current knowledge gaps most likely to influence therapeutic success.

show abstract

Activation of a bacterial killing machine

Cited by 6 publications

References 26 publications

Interbacterial competition mediated by the type VIIb secretion system

Interbacterial competition mediated by the type VIIb secretion system

The Love and Hate Relationship between T5SS and Other Secretion Systems in Bacteria

Biological foundations of successful bacteriophage therapy

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About