Activation of a Cu/ZnO catalyst for methanol synthesis

Andreasen, Jens Wenzel; Rasmussen, F.B.; Helveg, Stig; Molenbroek, A.M.; Ståhl, Kenny; Nielsen, Martin Meedom; Feidenhans’l, R.

doi:10.1107/s0021889806003098

Cited by 30 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…The size distribution of the Cu and ZnO particles was obtained by in situ anomalous Small-Angle X-ray Scattering (SAXS) by tuning the incoming X-ray energy close to the Cu and Zn absorption edges, respectively. By employing a specially developed reaction cell [20], the results suggested broad bimodal distributions of Cu and ZnO particles [19]. Upon reduction of the precursor, the Cu oxidation state changes from Cu 2?…”

Section: Supported Cu Catalystsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nano-Particles in Heterogeneous Catalysis

et al. 2009

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The introduction of in situ techniques has had a vast impact on research and development in the area of heterogeneous catalysis as emphasized in many reviews and monographs. Recently, the number of in situ techniques that can give information at the atomic scale has increased significantly and new possibilities exist for making the measurements under industrially relevant conditions. In order to fully exploit the results from the in situ and operando studies, it has also become increasingly gainful to combine the experimental studies with theoretical methodologies based on, for example, Density Functional Theory (DFT). This has allowed one to extract more detailed atomic-scale information from the measurements and it has also allowed the establishment of detailed structure-activity relationships. Furthermore, the interplay between in situ techniques and theory has helped bridging the pressure gap such that in situ information obtained at conditions far from industrial ones may be used in a more relevant manner. Here, we will illustrate how microscopy-, spectroscopy-and X-ray-based techniques in combination with experimental and theoretical surface science methods can aid industrial catalyst developments. We will do this by presenting examples of our current understanding and latest developments in the areas of heterogeneous nano-particle catalysts for methanol synthesis, steam reforming and hydrotreating.

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Section: Supported Cu Catalystsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The catalyst precursor consists of a substitutional solid solution of Cu in ZnO, as determined by resonant X-ray diffraction [19]. Separate CuO particles are also present in the precursor for Cu loadings above the solubility limit of Cu in ZnO.…”

Section: Supported Cu Catalystsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nano-Particles in Heterogeneous Catalysis

et al. 2009

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“…According to Andreasen et al [13], in gas-phased methanol synthesis over Cu, Zn solid solution oxide catalyst, the shape and size of Cu crystalline have undergone a reversible change during a redox cycle. These results were coincident with our reversible regeneration mechanism of oxygen, in which sintered Cu particles were re-dispersed, and the initial catalytic activity and active surface area were restored leaving constant TOF.…”

Section: Comparison Of Two Regeneration Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

In-situ regeneration mechanisms of hybrid catalysts in the one-step synthesis of dimethyl ether from syngas

Luan

Chong

et al. 2007

Catal Lett

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One-step synthesis of dimethyl ether (DME) from H 2 /CO has been studied in a fixed bed reactor over hybrid catalyst CuOZnOAl 2 O 3 /c-Al 2 O 3 -HZSM-5. The physicochemical properties of fresh and used catalysts were also studied by means of H 2 -TPR, XRD and N 2 O chemisorptions. The results showed that for deactivated catalysts by sintering, redox cycle was an effective method for in-situ regeneration. There were two different regeneration mechanisms according to various atmospheres: (i) For O 2 -syngas cycle, sintered Cu particles were re-dispersed and initial activity was restored mostly. The process was reversible, which was called reversible regeneration; (ii) for N 2 O (CO 2 )-syngas cycle, Cu particles could not be re-dispersed and catalytic activity was restored a little due to the regulation of surface state. On the other hand, this process could depress the deactivation velocity and was irreversible, which was called irreversible regeneration.

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“…ZnO memiliki jarak pita 3,37 eV dengan energi ikatan 60 meV pada suhu ruang dengan struktur yang stabil yaitu wurtzite [1] . Banyak penelitian yang dilakukan dengan menggunakan ZnO sebagai katalis, baik ZnO sebagai monokatalis, ZnO yang didoping dengan sesama logam (metal-metal) maupun yang didoping dengan senyawa non logam (metal-non metal) karena sifatnya yang serbaguna, kemudahan dalam pembuatan, dan biaya yang relatif murah [2,3,4] . Karbon aktif adalah suatu bahan hasil proses pirolisis arang pada suhu 600-900°C.…”

Section: Pendahuluanunclassified