Activation of human AML14.3D10 eosinophils by nanoparticles: Modulatory activity on apoptosis and cytokine production

Abstract

Eosinophilic inflammation is frequently observed in response to nanoparticle (NP) exposure in airway rodent models of allergies where the number of eosinophils is increased in lungs. Despite this, it is surprising that the potential cytotoxic effect of NP, as well as their direct role on eosinophils is poorly documented. The present study investigated how different NP can alter the biology of the human eosinophilic cell line AML14.3D10. It was found that among NP forms of CeO, ZnO, TiO, and nanosilver of 20 nm (AgNP) or 70 nm (AgNP) diameters, only ZnO and AgNP induced apoptosis. Caspases-7 and -9 were not activated by the tested NP while caspase-3 was activated by AgNP only. However, both ZnO and AgNP induced cytoskeletal breakdown as evidenced by the cleavage of lamin B. Using an ELISArray approach for the simultaneous detection of several analytes (cytokines/chemokines), it was found that only ZnO and AgNP increased the production of different analytes including the potent pro-inflammatory CXCL8 (IL-8) chemokine. From the data here, we conclude that toxic effects of some NP could be observed in human eosinophil-like cells and that this could be related, at least partially, by induction of apoptosis and production of cytokines and chemokines involved in inflammation. The results of this study also indicate that distinct NP do not activate similarly human eosinophils, since ZnO and AgNP induce apoptosis and cytokine production while others such as TiO, CeO, and AgNP do not.

Silver nanoparticle immunomodulatory potential in absence of direct cytotoxicity in RAW 264.7 macrophages and MPRO 2.1 neutrophils

“…Previous in vitro research has demonstrated direct cytotoxicity of ENM (including some AgNP) on several immune cell models (Yang et al 2012;Hamilton et al 2014;Aldossari et al 2015;Liz et al 2015;Alsaleh et al 2016;Vallieres et al 2016;Muller et al 2018). Furthermore, emerging evidence has suggested potential immunomodulatory properties of metal and metal-oxide ENM at sub-cytotoxic concentrations which do not result in reduced cell viability (Comfort et al 2011;Andersson-Willman et al 2012;Seydoux et al 2014).…”

The Effects of Gene × Environment Interactions on Silver Nanoparticle Toxicity in the Respiratory System

“…Exposure: m (minutes); h (hours); w (weeks). Significance: NS ( P > 0.05); * ( P < 0.05); ** ( P < 0.01); *** ( P < 0.001) for the highest dose only, as reported in the respective paper. …”

Bioengineered Nanoparticle and Environmental Particulate Matter Toxicity: Mechanisms, Regulations and Applications

“…Colloidal particle synthesis is by mixture of an ion solution and hydrogel with applied heat, adsorption upon reduction of oxidation potential, and can be of defined sizes [6]; if uncoated, then surface oxidation results. The colloidal Silver nanoparticles, AgNP 20 nm and AgNP 70 nm , has been studied in the human eosinophil cell culture model [39], and of the two groups, the smaller NPs with greater surface area-to-volume ratio (AgNP 20 nm ) result in a wide range of sizes in media solution, i.e. 158.9 nm (μ 1 ) -1482 nm (μ 2 ) secondary to aggregation by DLS, while the AgNP 70 nm have a lower left-side distribution size (114 nm) and do not aggregate to the same extent due to less oxidizable surface area available for assoc.…”