Activation of the cnidarian oxidative stress response by ultraviolet light, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and crude oil

Tarrant, Ann M.; Reitzel, Adam M.; Kwok, Chun Kit; Jenny, Matthew J.

doi:10.1242/jeb.093690

Cited by 41 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 83 publications

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“…; Tarrant et al . ). We observed expression changes in most representatives of the three Hsp groups, mainly in response to Hg treatment, which elicited relatively high expression of most of the Hsp20 genes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Early and late response of Nematostella vectensis transcriptome to heavy metals

et al. 2014

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Environmental contamination from heavy metals poses a global concern for the marine environment, as heavy metals are passed up the food chain and persist in the environment long after the pollution source is contained. Cnidarians play an important role in shaping marine ecosystems, but environmental pollution profoundly affects their vitality. Among the cnidarians, the sea anemone Nematostella vectensis is an advantageous model for addressing questions in molecular ecology and toxicology as it tolerates extreme environments and its genome has been published. Here, we employed a transcriptome-wide RNA-Seq approach to analyse N. vectensis molecular defence mechanisms against four heavy metals: Hg, Cu, Cd and Zn. Altogether, more than 4800 transcripts showed significant changes in gene expression. Hg had the greatest impact on up-regulating transcripts, followed by Cu, Zn and Cd. We identified, for the first time in Cnidaria, co-up-regulation of immediate-early transcription factors such as Egr1, AP1 and NF-κB. Time-course analysis of these genes revealed their early expression as rapidly as one hour after exposure to heavy metals, suggesting that they may complement or substitute for the roles of the metal-mediating Mtf1 transcription factor. We further characterized the regulation of a large array of stress-response gene families, including Hsp, ABC, CYP members and phytochelatin synthase, that may regulate synthesis of the metal-binding phytochelatins instead of the metallothioneins that are absent from Cnidaria genome. This study provides mechanistic insight into heavy metal toxicity in N. vectensis and sheds light on ancestral stress adaptations.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Early and late response of Nematostella vectensis transcriptome to heavy metals

et al. 2014

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“…We 146 also measured signification changes in transcription of some candidate biomarker genes 147 associated with general cellular (heat shock proteins, HSPs) and oxidative stress (superoxide 148 dismutases, SODs) (Tarrant et al, 2014). Nematostella is an estuarine denizen found along the 149 eastern Atlantic seaboard of the United States and Canada (Reitzel et al, 2008).…”

Section: Hylland 2006) Among Animals Molecular Responses To Pah Expmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultraviolet radiation significantly enhances the molecular response to dispersant and sweet crude oil exposure in Nematostella vectensis

Tarrant

Payton

Reitzel

et al. 2018

Marine Environmental Research

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35Estuarine organisms are subjected to combinations of anthropogenic and natural stressors, 36 which together can reduce an organisms' ability to respond to either stress or can potentiate or 37 synergize the cellular impacts for individual stressors. Nematostella vectensis (starlet sea 38 anemone) is a useful model for investigating novel and evolutionarily conserved cellular and 39 molecular responses to environmental stress. Using RNA-seq, we assessed global changes in gene 40 expression in Nematostella in response to dispersant and/or sweet crude oil exposure alone or 41

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“…; Tarrant et al. ; Conley & Uye ). Resistance to these abiotic stressors varies across life stages (Markey et al.…”

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confidence: 99%

Life history traits and previous exposure predict resistance to UV irradiation in the freshwater cnidarian Hydra oligactis

Tökölyi

Kozma

Sebestyén

et al. 2017

Invertebrate Biology

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Abiotic stress is an important source of mortality for cnidarians and is likely to be a major factor shaping their life histories. In freshwater hydra, the ability to withstand exogenous sources of stress varies between species and populations, but little is known about the factors responsible for this variation. Here, we investigated resistance to UV irradiation in Hydra oligactis, a common temperate freshwater cnidarian. We collected polyps from 12 populations and propagated these asexually under standard conditions in the laboratory to obtain 69 laboratory clonal lines with a total of 324 polyps of different age. We measured the size of polyps and recorded their budding rate. In addition, a subset of animals was exposed to hormetic treatment, where experimental animals received a short, sublethal irradiation 2 d before testing their resistance to a higher dose. We investigated how life history traits (age, size, and budding rate), hormetic treatment, and the interaction between life history traits and hormetic treatment relate to the ability of hydra polyps to tolerate high doses of UV irradiation. In multivariate models controlling for the effect of other variables, stress tolerance was positively related to age (lower tolerance in freshly detached buds compared to adult hydra) and size (higher tolerance in polyps with a large body column). Budding rate was negatively associated with stress tolerance. Hormetic treatment increased resistance to UV irradiation, but we found no evidence for an interaction between hormetic response and any of the life history traits, suggesting that the ability to upregulate physiological defense mechanisms after exposure to mild stress does not depend on the life history background of the individuals.

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Activation of the cnidarian oxidative stress response by ultraviolet light, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and crude oil

Cited by 41 publications

References 83 publications

Early and late response of Nematostella vectensis transcriptome to heavy metals

Early and late response of Nematostella vectensis transcriptome to heavy metals

Ultraviolet radiation significantly enhances the molecular response to dispersant and sweet crude oil exposure in Nematostella vectensis

Life history traits and previous exposure predict resistance to UV irradiation in the freshwater cnidarian Hydra oligactis

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