“…FXR functions as a ligand-mediated transcription factor by binding to specific DNA motifs in the promoter regions of target genes, and it regulates the expression of various genes involved in bile acid, lipid, and glucose metabolism (Wang et al, 1999). FXR plays a role in the induction of genes encoding for proteins involved in xenobiotic metabolism and detoxification (Urquhart et al, 2007;Lee et al, 2010a). Bile acids are synthesized from cholesterol by a series of enzymatic reactions in hepatocytes and work as a digestive surfactant, promoting lipid absorption (Lefebvre et al, 2009).…”