Activation of the Fuels with Low Reactivity Using the High-Power Laser Pulses

Egorov, Roman I.; Зайцев, А. С.; Salgansky, E. A.

doi:10.3390/en11113167

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Traditionally, this technique is widely used to study small-scale flows (Azadi and Nobes [149]) and to low-particle density flows (Cornic et al [150]) but recently its use has also been expanded to large-scale indoor airflows (Fu et al [151]) and to the investigation of the near-wall regions (Fu et al [152]). Further recent studies used PTV to study the combustion of methane hydrate over a powder layer (Misyura et al [153]), the activation of the low reactivity industrial fuel (Egorov et al [154]), the effect of highspeed jets in highly abrasive environments (Riha et al [155]), and velocity measurements in porous media (Sabbagh et al [156]). In recent years, the evolution of PTV has mainly concerned technological and algorithmic development, leading to the definition of 3DPTV and 4DPTV.…”

Section: Digital Image Analysis (Dia) Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Laboratory and Numerical Techniques to Simulate Turbulent Flows

Ferrari

Rossi²,

Bernardino

2022

Energies

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Turbulence is still an unsolved issue with enormous implications in several fields, from the turbulent wakes on moving objects to the accumulation of heat in the built environment or the optimization of the performances of heat exchangers or mixers. This review deals with the techniques and trends in turbulent flow simulations, which can be achieved through both laboratory and numerical modeling. As a matter of fact, even if the term “experiment” is commonly employed for laboratory techniques and the term “simulation” for numerical techniques, both the laboratory and numerical techniques try to simulate the real-world turbulent flows performing experiments under controlled conditions. The main target of this paper is to provide an overview of laboratory and numerical techniques to investigate turbulent flows, useful for the research and technical community also involved in the energy field (often non-specialist of turbulent flow investigations), highlighting the advantages and disadvantages of the main techniques, as well as their main fields of application, and also to highlight the trends of the above mentioned methodologies via bibliometric analysis. In this way, the reader can select the proper technique for the specific case of interest and use the quoted bibliography as a more detailed guide. As a consequence of this target, a limitation of this review is that the deepening of the single techniques is not provided. Moreover, even though the experimental and numerical techniques presented in this review are virtually applicable to any type of turbulent flow, given their variety in the very broad field of energy research, the examples presented and discussed in this work will be limited to single-phase subsonic flows of Newtonian fluids. The main result from the bibliometric analysis shows that, as of 2021, a 3:1 ratio of numerical simulations over laboratory experiments emerges from the analysis, which clearly shows a projected dominant trend of the former technique in the field of turbulence. Nonetheless, the main result from the discussion of advantages and disadvantages of both the techniques confirms that each of them has peculiar strengths and weaknesses and that both approaches are still indispensable, with different but complementary purposes.

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Section: Digital Image Analysis (Dia) Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Laboratory and Numerical Techniques to Simulate Turbulent Flows

Ferrari

Rossi²,

Bernardino

2022

Energies

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“…Composite liquid fuels generically include several components to form a homogeneous mixture of combustible and non-combustible components, solid and liquid. The most popular solid combustible components are coals [11][12][13]39,40] and their derivatives (sludge, filter cake, middlings, semi-coke) [6,9,41]. Peats, solid carbon-containing industrial waste (for example, tire pyrolysis residues) [7], and organic components (sawdust, nutshells and husks, dried algae) [16,17,[42][43][44] can also be successfully utilized in the energy sector as part of CLFs.…”

Section: Coal-water and Organic-coal-water Suspensionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spraying of Composite Liquid Fuels Based on Types of Coal Preparation Waste: Current Problems and Achievements: Review

2021

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This article discusses the atomization of composite liquid fuels. A large group of injectors is considered. A comparative analysis of the atomization characteristics (droplet sizes and velocities, jet opening angles) and the influence of the fuel characteristics (density, viscosity, component composition) and the process parameters (the ratio of the fuel–air mass flow rates, the features of the jet formation) has been carried out. Finally, the most effective types of injectors, which provide for the necessary characteristics of fuel atomization for its combustion, have been determined. The most favorable conditions for the applicability of each type of atomization have been formulated. Possible mechanisms of secondary fragmentation of droplets of composite fuels have been analyzed: those resulting from mutual collisions of droplets in the flux and from the interaction with a solid surface as well as those resulting from thermal overheating in the presence of a phase boundary or a large gradient of component volatility. A conclusion is made about the need of using a synergistic effect of primary and secondary atomization of fuel suspension droplets.

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“…As a result, it is possible to separate the stages of drying [19], pyrolysis and oxidation of fuel [20,21] along the length of the reactor. Different thermal structures of the combustion wave provide localization of each substance in specific zones according to their physical and chemical properties.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermodynamically Equilibrium Compositions of the Products Formed During the Filtration Combustion of the Metal-Containing Mixtures

Salgansky

Podlesniy

Цветков

et al. 2020

Eurasian Chem. Tech. J.

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Thermodynamic calculations for describing the compositions of the products formed in conditions of the filtration combustion of the metal-containing mixtures were carried out. The analysis of the equilibrium compositions of the products was carried out using the TERRA high-temperature thermochemical equilibrium calculation program. According to the results of calculations, the metals were divided into two groups. First one forms both the condensed and gaseous phases and in the second one ‒ metals that are only in the condensed phase. In case of the presence of metal compounds in the gas phase, as a rule, these are the following compounds: metals, oxides, hydroxides, hydrides, sulfides and metal sulfates. Metals of the second group cannot be subjected to mass transfer under conditions of the filtration combustion wave and will remain in solid combustion products (in ash).

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Activation of the Fuels with Low Reactivity Using the High-Power Laser Pulses

Cited by 7 publications

References 27 publications

A Review of Laboratory and Numerical Techniques to Simulate Turbulent Flows

A Review of Laboratory and Numerical Techniques to Simulate Turbulent Flows

Spraying of Composite Liquid Fuels Based on Types of Coal Preparation Waste: Current Problems and Achievements: Review

Thermodynamically Equilibrium Compositions of the Products Formed During the Filtration Combustion of the Metal-Containing Mixtures

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