Activator Adjuvants<sup>1</sup>

Penner, Donald

doi:10.1614/0890-037x(2000)014[0785:aa]2.0.co;2

Cited by 66 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…This outcome could be due to a decrease in the surface tension of the herbicide solution that produces small droplets and, as there is a low level of energy in small droplets, retention of a herbicide by the leaf surface improves (Penner, 2000). Enhanced activity of tribenuron-methyl by alkyl ether sulfate sodium salt on C. album was reported by Pannacci et al (2010).…”

Section: Weed Density (M -2 )mentioning

confidence: 95%

Alkyl Ether Sulfate Improves Efficacy of Herbicides Against Common Goosefoot and Field Bindweed in Wheat

et al. 2018

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-Tank mixed application of herbicides with adjuvant is required for effective weed management and to reduce herbicide load on agricultural crops. Field studies were conducted to investigate the effect of herbicides at reduced rates with adjuvant on common goosefoot (Chenopodium album) and field bindweed (Convolvulus arvensis) and grain yield of wheat for two consecutive winter seasons. Treatments included post-emergence foliar application of four herbicides viz., fluroxypyr + tribenuron-methyl + clopyralid, mesosulfuron-methyl + iodosulfuron-methyl sodium, bromoxynil + MCPA, iodosulfuron-methyl sodium (pre mixed formulations) at their recommended rates 244.5, 14.2, 444.6, 10 g a.i. ha -1 , respectively and 25% reduced rates with alkyl ether sulfate Na salt at 400 mL ha -1 as adjuvant. A weedy check was kept as control. All the herbicide treatments caused a significant reduction in densities (up to 85% and 89.2%) of C. arvensis and C. album, respectively and total dry weight (12.4-56%), N (3.7-50%), P (25-63.6%) and K (1.4-56.6%) uptakes from weedy check. Better weed control was achieved with 25% lower dose of all herbicides along with adjuvant in comparison with that recorded with their full doses without adjuvant. All herbicide treatments increased the grain yield of wheat ranging from 10.4 6-56.1% over control during both years. Herbicides with adjuvant produced significantly the higher grain yield of wheat than those observed with herbicides alone. Among all herbicide treatments, 75% doses of bromoxynil + MCPA and iodosulfuron-methyl sodium along with alkyl ether sulfate adjuvant were proved to be the best as they gave significantly the higher (4902.3 and 5159.0 kg ha -1 and 4566.5 and 4891.0 kgha -1 ) grain yields of wheat during years 2013-14 and 2014-15, respectively. (244,5; 14,2; 444,6; e 10 g i.a. ha -1 , respectivamente) (até 85% e 89,2%) de C. arvensis e C. album, respectivamente, bem como no peso seco total (12.4-56%), N (3,7-50%), P (25-63,6%) e K (1,4-56,6%) Keywords: adjuvant, grain yield, herbicides, wheat RESUMO -A aplicação de herbicidas em tanque com adjuvante é necessária para o manejo eficaz de plantas daninhas e para a redução da carga de herbicidas em culturas agrícolas. Estudos de campo foram conduzidos para investigar o efeito de herbicidas em doses reduzidas com adjuvante em ansarinha-branca (Chenopodium album) e corriola (Convolvulus arvensis) e no rendimento de grãos de trigo durante duas estações de inverno consecutivas. Os tratamentos incluíram a aplicação foliar em pós-emergência de quatro herbicidas, a saber: fluroxypyr + tribenuronmethyl + clopyralid, mesosulfuron-methyl + iodosulfuron-methyl sodium, bromoxynil + MCPA e iodosulfuron-methyl sodium, com as doses recomendadasTANVEER, A. et al. Alkyl ether sulfate improves efficacy of herbicides against common goosefoot and field bindweed in wheat 2

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Section: Weed Density (M -2 )mentioning

confidence: 95%

Alkyl Ether Sulfate Improves Efficacy of Herbicides Against Common Goosefoot and Field Bindweed in Wheat

et al. 2018

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“…However, plant surfaces are often covered by a wide range of different structures, ranging from glands, trichomes, stomata, smooth wax or highly crystalline microcrystalline wax crystals, and these structures control the wetting of these surfaces (Koch et al, 2008). The epicuticular wax layer of leaves is considered to be the most significant barrier to absorption and penetration of foliar-applied chemicals (Stevens & Baker, 1987;Baker & Charnel, 1990;Penner, 2000) and, especially, Improving diquat efficacy on grasses by adding adjuvants ... of water-soluble herbicides like diquat. In general, the dominant epicuticular wax on leaves of grass species is crystalline, whereas that of broadleaf weeds is amorphous (De Ruiter et al, 1990;Harr et al, 1991;Wang & Liu, 2007).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some of the main beneficial effects of adjuvants are the reduction in surface tension and contact angle of the spray solution, thereby improving foliage coverage by the spray solution and enhancing herbicide absorption (Foy & Smith, 1965;Hess & Foy, 2000;Penner, 2000). An increase in spray coverage is especially important with contact herbicides that do not move within plants.…”

Section: Diquatmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving diquat efficacy on grasses by adding adjuvants to the spray solution before use

Gitsopoulos¹,

Damalas

Georgoulas³

2014

Planta daninha

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-The effect of five adjuvants (non-ionic surfactant, paraffinic oil, vegetable oil, mixture of fatty acids methyl esters plus surfactant blend, and organosilicone) on diquat efficacy was assessed on poverty brome, sterile oat, and Italian ryegrass in field and pot experiments. All tank mixtures with diquat increased diquat efficacy from 50-54% to 77-98% as for fresh weight reduction, indicating significant enhancement of diquat efficacy on grasses. The increased efficacy was most likely attributed to better droplet retention and diffusion on the leaf surfaces. When combined with non-ionic surfactant, diquat showed slightly more rapid control of grass weeds (i.e. symptoms were visible within a few hours after application).Keywords: non-ionic surfactant, paraffinic oil, vegetable oil, fatty acids methyl esters, organosilicone, bipyridyliums. RESUMO -O efeito de cinco adjuvantes (surfatante não iônico, óleo parafínico, óleo vegetal, mistura de ácidos graxos metil ésteres mais surfatante mistura e organossilicone) no que diz respeito à eficácia do diquat foi avaliado sobre bromo-estéril, aveião e azevém-italiano em experimentos de campo e estufa. Todas as misturas de tanque com diquat aumentaram a eficácia desse herbicida de 50-54% a 77-98% em termos de redução de peso fresco, indicando aumento significativo da eficácia do diquat em gramíneas. Esse aumento foi atribuído a uma melhor retenção de gotícula e de difusão sobre as superfícies foliares. Diquat com o surfatante não iônico mostrou controle ligeiramente mais rápido das plantas daninhas gramíneas (isto é, os sintomas eram visíveis dentro de poucas horas após a aplicação).Palavras-chave: surfatante não-iónico, óleo de parafina, óleo vegetal, ácidos graxos metilados, organossilicone, bipiridilos.

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“…Sylgard is an organo-silicone surfactant. Studies have shown that non-ionic surfactants can lower the surface tension of a spray solution to 33-34 mN/m; the addition of a silicone component can further lower the surface tension to 22 mN/m (Penner, 2000). However, this very characteristic may lead droplets to coalesce and subsequently run off the plant (Petroff, 2003).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Confirmation by fluorescent tracer of coverage of onion leaves for control of onion thrips using selected nozzles, surfactants and spray volumes

et al. 2007

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Track sprayer and field sprayer trials were completed to assess the effect of different nozzles, surfactants and carrier volumes on product delivery to the inner leaves of onion plants using a fluorescent tracer. Track sprayer trials revealed more tracer on the inner leaves of onions using either the TeeJet s XR8004 flat fan or D4/DC25 disc-core hollow cone nozzles. In three of four experiments, more tracer was detected on onions sprayed alone or combined with Sylgard s 309 at 200 L/ha than plants sprayed with tracer+Companion s . When the carrier volume was increased to 400 L/ha, more tracer was detected on onions sprayed alone or combined with Companion. In field trials, the XR8004 delivered more tracer than the D4/DC25 (F ¼ 32.8; Po0.00; d.f. ¼ 1,77). The best coverage was observed on plants sprayed with the flat fan combined with Agral s 90, sprayed at either 400 L/ha (29% coverage) or 600 L/ha (23% coverage).

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Activator Adjuvants¹

Cited by 66 publications

References 14 publications

Alkyl Ether Sulfate Improves Efficacy of Herbicides Against Common Goosefoot and Field Bindweed in Wheat

Alkyl Ether Sulfate Improves Efficacy of Herbicides Against Common Goosefoot and Field Bindweed in Wheat

Improving diquat efficacy on grasses by adding adjuvants to the spray solution before use

Confirmation by fluorescent tracer of coverage of onion leaves for control of onion thrips using selected nozzles, surfactants and spray volumes

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Activator Adjuvants1

Cited by 66 publications

References 14 publications

Alkyl Ether Sulfate Improves Efficacy of Herbicides Against Common Goosefoot and Field Bindweed in Wheat

Alkyl Ether Sulfate Improves Efficacy of Herbicides Against Common Goosefoot and Field Bindweed in Wheat

Improving diquat efficacy on grasses by adding adjuvants to the spray solution before use

Confirmation by fluorescent tracer of coverage of onion leaves for control of onion thrips using selected nozzles, surfactants and spray volumes

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Activator Adjuvants¹