Active Control of Burn Conditions for the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor

Time Dependent Performance of ITER90H-P Fusion Reactor with Considering D-T and D-3He Fuel

“…Although operating points with these characteristics that are inherently stable exist for most confinement scalings, they are found in a region of high temperature and low density. Our studies show that in the dynamical state above quantities are dependent on the temperature and time .Each has its own specific variations and also at the temperature 70 (Kev) these quantities produce the maximum fusion gain for both of fuels D-T and D- 3 He, such that their values are equal to 81.311 for D-T fuel-and the 0.0429 for D- 3 He at one second after occurring fusion t=1s, respectively. Fusion using D- 3 He fuel requires significant physics development particularly of plasma confinement in high performance alternate fusion concepts.…”

“…Our studies show that in the dynamical state above quantities are dependent on the temperature and time .Each has its own specific variations and also at the temperature 70 (Kev) these quantities produce the maximum fusion gain for both of fuels D-T and D- 3 He, such that their values are equal to 81.311 for D-T fuel-and the 0.0429 for D- 3 He at one second after occurring fusion t=1s, respectively. Fusion using D- 3 He fuel requires significant physics development particularly of plasma confinement in high performance alternate fusion concepts. Countering that cost, engineering development cost should be much less for D- 3 He than D-T, because D-3 He greatly ameliorates the daunting obstacles caused by abundant neutrons and the necessity of tritium breeding.…”

“…With studying and analyzing of ITER90H-P fusion reactors and solving the non-linear point kinetic equations governing on the two-fuel D-T and D- 3 He at dynamical state, we find that the main quantities in determining the fusion gain are the densities of alpha particles, deuterium, tritium, helium, neutral fuel, electron , fusion energy and the total energy , and density of total particles, the effective charge of all ions, radiative power loss, auxiliary and fusion power ,respectively In order to be commercially competitive, a fusion reactor needs to run long periods of time in a stable burning plasma mode at working points which are characterized by a high Q , where Q is the ratio of fusion power to auxiliary power. Active burn control is often required to maintain these near-ignited or ignited conditions (Q = ∞).…”

“…Fusion using D- 3 He fuel requires significant physics development particularly of plasma confinement in high performance alternate fusion concepts. Countering that cost, engineering development cost should be much less for D- 3 He than D-T, because D-3 He greatly ameliorates the daunting obstacles caused by abundant neutrons and the necessity of tritium breeding. D- 3 He fusion fueled fusion reactor would also possess substantial safety and environmental advantages over D-T.…”

“…τ d is the controller lag time ,E is the plasma energy, τ E is the energy confinement time, τ I is the confinement time for the impurities, S I is the impurity injection rate, Q ∝ = 3.52MeV is the energy of the alpha particles. P α , P aux , P rad , P ℎ , P and , P are the alpha power, auxiliary power , Ohmic power, radiation loss, the net plasma heating power and fusion power ,respectively that are given for D -T and D- 3 He fuels in the following: [5] …”