Active control of electromagnetically induced transparency based on terahertz hybrid metal-graphene metamaterials for slow light applications

Zhang, Chengyao; Wang, Yue; Yao, Yuan; Tian, Ling; Geng, Zhaoxin; Yang, Yuqiang; Jiang, Jiuxing; He, Xiaodong

doi:10.1016/j.ijleo.2019.163398

Cited by 38 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…The decrease of the transmission peak height indicates the reduction of the coupling between light and dark modes due to the smaller capacitance effect in the gap. Next, a continuous monolayer graphene ribbon, was integrated under the split gap of the bright resonator to obtain active control of PIT resonance, which was different than reported in literature [32,33]. The common dark mode control method basically controls PIT resonance by adjusting the transparency peak.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tunable Plasmon-Induced Transparency through Bright Mode Resonator in a Metal–Graphene Terahertz Metamaterial

2020

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The combination of graphene and metamaterials is the ideal route to achieve active control of the electromagnetic wave in the terahertz (THz) regime. Here, the tunable plasmon-induced transparency (PIT) metamaterial, integrating metal resonators with tunable graphene, is numerically investigated at THz frequencies. By varying the Fermi energy of graphene, the reconfigurable coupling condition is actively modulated and continuous manipulation of the metamaterial resonance intensity is achieved. In this device structure, monolayer graphene operates as a tunable conductive film which yields actively controlled PIT behavior and the accompanied group delay. This device concept provides theoretical guidance to design compact terahertz modulation devices.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tunable Plasmon-Induced Transparency through Bright Mode Resonator in a Metal–Graphene Terahertz Metamaterial

2020

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“…Therefore, the dark mode is only indirectly excited by the bright mode. Owing to the significant dispersion properties and the narrow transparency window, the EITlike metamaterials have essential applications in optical switches [22,23], slow-light devices [24,25], sensors [26][27][28], and so on. Tian et al [29] numerically and experimentally demonstrated a high transmittance and lowlosses EIT-like metamaterial, whose unit structure is composed of two independent opening ring resonators.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A high Q-factor metamaterial sensor based on electromagnetically induced transparency-like

Shen,

Zhang,

Zhang

2024

Mater. Res. Express

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This paper proposes the electromagnetically induced transparency-like (EIT-like) metamaterial with a high-quality factor (143.54), which consists of a square ring resonator (SRR) and a cross-shaped resonator (CR). The designed metamaterial generates a sharp transparency peak at 15.79 GHz. The electric field distributions reveal that appearance of the transparency window is caused by the coupling between bright mode and dark mode. Meanwhile, analysis of the surface current distributions verifies that the EIT-like effect is induced via the destructive interference of the electric dipoles . In addition, the metamaterial is equated to a circuit model, which provides a better fit to the simulated transmission spectrum. These theories fully explain the generation of the EIT-like phenomenon. Furthermore, the EIT-like metamaterial is able to detect the dielectric constant of the target analyte (glucose solution), and the sensing performance is calculated. The results demonstrate that the sensitivity (S) is 4.80 GHz/RIU and the figure of merit (FOM) reaches to 43.71. The proposed EIT-like metamaterial shows prominent sensing abilities, consequently it has potential applications in environmental monitoring, biological and chemical measurements.

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“…Due to the change of the damping factor of dark mode resonator caused by the adjustment of graphene conductivity, the two transmission peaks of EIT resonance can generate independent amplitude modulation through the change of Fermi level of graphene layer. In 2020, Zhang et al 17 proposed a terahertz hybrid metal-graphene metamaterial consisting of a double layer of metal, an unpatterned monolayer of graphene, and an ionic gel layer to actively control EIT. In addition, the graphene layer is unnecessary for the patterning process, and it thus has great advantages in machinability and processing difficulty, which greatly improves the applicability of graphene.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design and simulation of a compact graphene metamaterial sensor with high sensitivity based on electromagnetically induced transparency

Xiao,

Ma,

Cai

et al. 2023

Opt. Eng.

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Electromagnetic-induced transparency (EIT) is a transparent window phenomenon with high transmittance in atomic systems, which has a broad application in the sensing field. We propose a compact graphene metamaterial sensor and analyze its mechanism of EIT-like effect. The unit cell is composed of an octagonal star graphene ring and a rectangular graphene ring and excites EIT-like effect through the strong coupling of the light mode and the dark mode. The compact graphene structure design improves the area utilization rate and contributes to the miniaturization of devices, and the EIT window is actively tunable by the change of the Fermi level of graphene to improve the applicable range of the sensor. The numerical simulation demonstrates that the refractive index sensitivity can reach 2.828 THz/RIU, meaning that the transmission curves of the sensor shift 2.828 THz per unit change of refractive index of the surrounding medium and its figure of merit can reach 5.34. The proposed structure can be applied to the high-sensitivity refractive index sensing in the terahertz band and has great application potential in the biological and chemical sensing field.

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Active control of electromagnetically induced transparency based on terahertz hybrid metal-graphene metamaterials for slow light applications

Cited by 38 publications

References 38 publications

Tunable Plasmon-Induced Transparency through Bright Mode Resonator in a Metal–Graphene Terahertz Metamaterial

Tunable Plasmon-Induced Transparency through Bright Mode Resonator in a Metal–Graphene Terahertz Metamaterial

A high Q-factor metamaterial sensor based on electromagnetically induced transparency-like

Design and simulation of a compact graphene metamaterial sensor with high sensitivity based on electromagnetically induced transparency

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