Active energy management strategies for active distribution system

Abstract

Active energy management is an effective way to realize the flexible utilization of distributed energy resources to suit the characteristics of active distribution system. Advanced active energy management strategies need to be designed to coordinate the optimization of 'generation, network, load'. An active management model is built for the local distribution system integrated with the generation curtailment mechanism and the charging/discharging management of plug-in electric vehicles. Furthermore, different strategies based on the energy management model are presented. The model and strategies are tested and discussed in a modified distribution system, and the impacts with different load profiles are also analyzed.

The neglected social dimensions to a vehicle-to-grid (V2G) transition: a critical and systematic review

“…Several articles identified the potential for V2G to cost-effectively improve power quality [56], including specifically voltage support [57]. Other papers looked at using V2G to control peak power supply to both more actively manage load curves [58] as well as to avoid critical situations [59]. Only a few of the papers discussed the…”

Nodal user’s demand response based on incentive based programs

“…Equation (11) is the objective function, constraint (12) represents the nodal balance of active power, constraint (13) represents the minimum and maximum generation limits for each unit, constraint (14) is the maximum power flow of each transmission line, constraint (15) is the limit of the virtual generation, constraint (16) is the limit of the active power reserve of the contributing generators, constraint (17) is the active power of each generator's reserve from exceeding each generator's maximum output, constraints (18) and (19) represent the limits of the upward ramps of the dispatched generators, constraint (20) is the power output of the ramp ups for the dispatched generators, constraints (21) and (22) are the limits of the ramp downs of the dispatched generators, constraint (23) the output power of the generator ramp-downs does not exceed the maximum active power ramp-down of the system reserve, constraint (24) represent the physical limits of the ramps of the dispatched generators.…”

“…The contracts provide incentives for customers willing to be interrupted in any period of time with prior notification. An active management model that integrates a curtailment load mechanism is introduced in [13]; the mechanism uses different strategies based on the energy management model of the distribution system.…”

Comparative analysis of data availability and data requirements for efficient management and control of future distribution networks

“…Another important use of smart meters is to enable automatic DSM from the distribution system operator's (DSO) or aggregator's side. Taking as an example the communication protocol proposed by [9], the DSO first receives information about the transmission network needs from the transmission system operator (TSO), e.g. for day-ahead, and information from aggregators about available (forecasted) flexibility.…”