Active immunoneutralization of somatostatin in the sheep: effects on gastrointestinal somatostatin expression, storage and secretion

Shulkes, Arthur; Moore, Caroline B.; Kolivas, Sotirios; Whitley, Jane C.

doi:10.1016/s0167-0115(99)00040-3

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…It appears that several factors including genotype, nutrition, species, and age, influenced the effect of active immunization against SRIF on the milk production. Recent study demonstrated that immunized animals contained substantial amount of circulating endogenous hormones (Shulkes et al, 1999). In this study the average concentration of SRIF bound to the antisera from the systemic circulation of SRIFimmunized animal was 6.9 nmol/l, about 1000-fold higher than the normal levels, which indicates higher level of endogenous secretion of SRIF.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 48%

Effects of Active Immunization against Somatostatin or its Analogues on Milk Protein Synthesis of Rat Mammary Gland Cells

Kim¹,

Cho²,

Chung³

et al. 2002

Asian Australas. J. Anim. Sci

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Effects of active immunization against native 14-mer somatostatin (SRIF, somatotropin releasing inhibiting factor) and its two 14-mer-somatostatin analogues on the milk production in rat mammary cells were studied. Native SRIF, Tyr11-somatostatin (Tyr11-SRIF), and D-Trp8, D-Cys14-somatostatin (Trp8Cys14-SRIF) were conjugated to bovine serum albumin (BSA) for immunogen preparation. Twenty-four female Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into four groups and immunized against saline (Control), SRIF, Tyr11-SRIF, and Trp8Cys14-SRIF at five weeks of age. Booster immunizations were performed at 7, 9, and 11 weeks of age. SRIFimmunized rats were mated at 10 weeks of age. The blood and mammary glands were collected at day 15 post-pregnancy and -lactation. To measure the amount of milk protein synthesis in the mammary gland, mammary cells isolated from the pregnant and the lactating rats, were cultured in the presence of 3 H-lysine. No significant differences in growth performance, concentration of growth hormone in the circulation, and the amount of milk protein synthesis were observed among the groups. Inductive levels of serum anti-SRIF antibody in the SRIF and Tyr11-SRIF groups but not in the Trp8Cys14-SRIF group, were significantly higher than that of the control group during the pregnancy and lactation periods. The result suggests that active immunization against native 14-mer SRIF and Tyr11-SRIF was able to induce anti-SRIF antibodies, but did not affect the milk protein synthesis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 48%

Effects of Active Immunization against Somatostatin or its Analogues on Milk Protein Synthesis of Rat Mammary Gland Cells

Kim¹,

Cho²,

Chung³

et al. 2002

Asian Australas. J. Anim. Sci

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“…Many studies have shown that the use of immuno-neutralization against SS could enhance growth in animals (Spencer, 1986;Yun et al, 1996). Immunization against either a chemically synthetic or recombinant SS coupled to a carrier protein has been confirmed to promote the growth rates of immunized animals, including sheep, steers and chickens (Buonomo et al, 1987;Dawson et al, 1997;Shulkes et al, 1999).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oral and intranasal administration of somatostatin DNA vaccine mediated by attenuated Salmonella Enterica Serovar Typhimurium to promote growth of piglets

Liu

Liang

Feng

et al. 2011

Animal

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An attenuated strain of Salmonella typhimurium has been used as a carrier for oral and intranasal genetic immunization. Here, we evaluate the efficacy of a vaccine strain of S. typhimurium. CSO22 (pGM-CSF/SS, plasmid granulocyte-macrophage colonystimulating factor/somatostatin) expressing two copies of SS genes. A total of 115 piglets, aged 2 months old, were either orally or intranasally immunized against the vaccine strain CSO22 (pGM-CSF/SS) with three dosages (5 3 10 10 colony forming units (CFU), 5 3 10 9 CFU and 5 3 10 8 CFU). For oral immunization, the specific anti-SS antibodies were detected in the immunized piglets. The levels of SS antibodies in the high-dose immunized group (5 3 10 10 CFU) were significantly higher than that in the phosphate buffered saline immunized group (P , 0.01) and 40% of animals were positive in SS antibodies in the high-dose immunized group. Moreover, the weight gain of the high-dose group was increased by 20.86%, 10.26% and 15.30% during 4, 8 and 12 weeks, respectively, after immunization in comparison to the control. For intranasal immunization, the growth of the lowdose group was increased by 10.23% in the whole test period (12 weeks). In conclusion, our results suggest that the recombinant strain could elicit anti-SS antibodies and improve the growth performance of immunized piglets, and that the oral immunization program is better than the intranasal program.

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“…Immunoneutralization of different hormones such as ovine PL [8] and somatostatin [9] have also been conducted in order to investigate endocrine growth pathways in vivo . However, when circulating antibodies are present together with the hormone, the procedure for hormonal measurement becomes considerably complex.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of exogenous circulating anti-bPL antibodies on bovine placental lactogen measurements in foetal samples

et al. 2010

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BackgroundThe involvement of placental lactogen (PL) in the regulation of foetal growth has been investigated in different species by in vivo immunomodulation techniques. However, when circulating antibodies are present together with the hormone, the procedure for hormonal measurement becomes considerably complex. The aim of this study was the immunoneutralization of bovine placental lactogen (bPL) concentrations in bovine foetal circulation by direct infusion of rabbit anti-bPL purified immunoglobulins (IgG) via a foetal catheter (in vivo study). The ability of a RIA based on guinea pig anti-bPL antiserum, for the measurement of bPL concentrations in samples containing exogenous rabbit anti-bPL immunoglobulins, was also analyzed in in vitro and in vivo conditions.MethodsSix bovine foetuses were chronic cannulated on the aorta via the medial tarsal artery. Infusion of rabbit anti-bPL IgG was performed during late gestation. Pooled rabbit anti-bPL antisera had a maximal neutralization capacity of 25 μg bPL/mL of immunoglobulin. Interference of rabbit anti-bPL immunoglobulin with radioimmunoassay measurement using guinea pig anti-bPL as primary antibody was first evaluated in vitro. Polyclonal anti-bPL antibodies raised in rabbit were added in foetal sera to produce 100 samples with known antibodies titers (dilutions ranging from 1:2,500 till 1:1,280,000).Result(s)Assessment of the interference of rabbit anti-bPL antibody showed that bPL concentrations were significantly lower (P < 0.05) in samples added with dilutions of rabbit antiserum lower than 1:80,000 (one foetus) or 1:10,000 (four foetuses). It was also shown that the recovery of added bPL (12 ng/mL) was markedly reduced in those samples in which exogenous rabbit anti-bPL were added at dilutions lower than 1:20,000. Concentrations of foetal bPL were determined in samples from cannulated foetuses. In foetuses 1 and 6, bPL concentrations remained almost unchanged (<5 ng/mL) during the whole experimental period. In Foetus 3, bPL concentrations decreased immediately after IgG infusion and thereafter, they increased until parturition.Conclusion(s)The use of a bPL RIA using a guinea pig anti-bPL as primary antiserum allowed for the measurement of bPL concentrations in foetal plasma in presence of rabbit anti-bPL IgG into the foetal circulation. Long-term foetal catheterization allowed for the study of the influence of direct infusion of anti-bPL IgG on peripheral bPL concentrations in bovine foetuses.

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Active immunoneutralization of somatostatin in the sheep: effects on gastrointestinal somatostatin expression, storage and secretion

Cited by 3 publications

References 16 publications

Effects of Active Immunization against Somatostatin or its Analogues on Milk Protein Synthesis of Rat Mammary Gland Cells

Effects of Active Immunization against Somatostatin or its Analogues on Milk Protein Synthesis of Rat Mammary Gland Cells

Oral and intranasal administration of somatostatin DNA vaccine mediated by attenuated Salmonella Enterica Serovar Typhimurium to promote growth of piglets

Effect of exogenous circulating anti-bPL antibodies on bovine placental lactogen measurements in foetal samples

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