Active Kinematics of the Greater Caucasus from Seismological and GPS Data: A Review

Tibaldi, Alessandro; Babayev, Gulam; Bonali, Fabio Luca; Mariotto, Federico Pasquaré; Russo, Elena; Tsereteli, Nino; Corti, Noemi

doi:10.1007/978-94-024-2046-3_4

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…GNSS measurements in the Caucasus, which were started in the 1990s [Reilinger et al, 1997;Shevchenko et al, 1999], are of high interest. Now, they have almost a thirty-year history [Ismail-Zadeh et al, 2020;Karapetyan et al, 2020;Mironov et al, 2021;Reilinger et al, 2006;Sokhadze et al, 2018;Tibaldi et al, 2021]. Measurements of recent crustal movements in the Caucasus are very heterogeneous, as a large number of scientific groups have worked in these regions [Tibaldi et al, 2021].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Now, they have almost a thirty-year history [Ismail-Zadeh et al, 2020;Karapetyan et al, 2020;Mironov et al, 2021;Reilinger et al, 2006;Sokhadze et al, 2018;Tibaldi et al, 2021]. Measurements of recent crustal movements in the Caucasus are very heterogeneous, as a large number of scientific groups have worked in these regions [Tibaldi et al, 2021]. This makes it difficult to spatially compare the results of their measurements, as they cover different, not completely overlapping areas.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Modeling the Horizontal Velocity Field of the Earth’s Crust in a Regular Grid from GNSS Measurements

Manevich,

Losev,

Avdonina

et al. 2023

Russian Journal of Earth Sciences

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There are numerous methods for modeling velocity fields of the Earth’s crust. However, only a few of them are capable of modeling data beyond the contour of the geodetic network (extrapolating). Spatial modeling based on a neural network approach allows for the adequate modeling of the field of recent crustal movements and deformations of the Earth’s crust beyond the geodetic network contour. The study extensively examines the hyperparameter settings and justifies the applicability of the neural network model for predicting crustal movement fields using the Ossetian geodynamic polygon as an example. The presented results, when compared to classical modeling methods, demonstrate that the neural network approach confidently yields results no worse than classical methods. The results of modeling for the Ossetian polygon can be used for geodynamic zoning, identification zones of extension and compression, computing the tectonic component of stresses, and identifying areas of high-gradient displacements.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling the Horizontal Velocity Field of the Earth’s Crust in a Regular Grid from GNSS Measurements

Manevich,

Losev,

Avdonina

et al. 2023

Russian Journal of Earth Sciences

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“…Since ~2 Ma, deformation has stepped out of the main range to form a series of foldthrust belts including the Rioni Fold-Thrust Belt in the southwest (Banks et al, 1997;Tsereteli et al, 2016;Tibaldi et al, 2017Tibaldi et al, , 2018Trexler et al, 2020;Alania et al, 2021b;Tibaldi et al, 2021), the Terek-Sunzha Fold-Thrust belt in the northern central range (Sobornov, 1994(Sobornov, , 1996(Sobornov, , 2021Forte et al, 2014), and the KFTB in the southeast (Forte et al, 2010(Forte et al, , 2014Alania et al, 2015;Sukhishvili et al, 2020). The timing of the formation of these thrust-belts is roughly synchronous with a change to more arid conditions (e.g., Kvavadze and Vekua, 1993;Gabunia et al, 2000;Kovda et al, 2008;Messager et al, 2010aMessager et al, , 2010b) and an internal structural reorganization of the GC (Forte et al, 2022a).…”

Section: Background 21 Tectonic Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While recent work by Trexler et al, (2022) has significantly clarified the locations, geometry, and nature of many of the first-order structures within the internal Greater Caucasus, the timing and evolution of these first-order structures remain under-constrained with the exception of very specific locations in the western GC (Vasey et al, 2020) and extreme eastern GC (Tye et al, 2022). Likewise, the importance of fringing foreland fold-thrust belts for accommodating shortening in the GC is now understood in the north central and western (Sobornov, 1994(Sobornov, , 1996(Sobornov, , 2021Forte et al, 2014), southwestern (Banks et al, 1997;Tsereteli et al, 2016;Tibaldi et al, 2017Tibaldi et al, , 2018Trexler et al, 2020;Alania et al, 2021b;Tibaldi et al, 2021), southcentral (Alania et al, 2021a), and southeastern (Forte et al, 2010(Forte et al, , 2014Alania et al, 2015) GC. However, when these fold-thrust belts began to form generally remains enigmatic.…”

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confidence: 99%

Timing and Evolution of Structures within the Southeastern Greater Caucasus and Kura Fold-Thrust Belt from Multiproxy Sediment Provenance Records

Forte¹,

Cowgill²,

Sumner³

et al. 2023

Preprint

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The west-northwest trending Greater Caucasus (GC) mountains locally represent the main locus of post-Pliocene shortening within the north central Arabia-Eurasia collision. Although recent low-temperature thermochronology constrains the timing of orogen formation, the evolution of major structures remains enigmatic - particularly regarding the internal kinematics within this young orogen and the Kura Fold-Thrust Belt (KFTB), which flanks its southeastern margin. Here we use a multiproxy provenance analysis to investigate the tectonic history of both the southeastern GC and KFTB by presenting new data from a suite of sandstone samples from the KFTB, including point counts, whole-rock geochemistry, and detrital zircon (DZ) U-Pb geochronology. To define source terrains for these sediments, we integrate additional new whole-rock geochemical analyses with published DZ results and geological mapping. Our analysis reveals a progressive change up-section from a dominantly volcanic or volcaniclastic source, presently exposed as a thin strip along the southeastern GC, to a flysch source, now exposed in the core of the GC. In detail, while point counts and geochemistry suggest a consistent history of changing sediment sources, more limited DZ geochronology suggests less up-section change. We interpret this apparent discrepancy to reflect the onset of sediment recycling and local reworking of sediments within the KFTB, selectively weathering unstable mineral species that define the volcaniclastic source terrain. We conclude that this transition constrains the timing of the initiation of the central KFTB, which we argue initiated nearly synchronously along-strike.

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Seismological study around the Enguri dam reservoir (Georgia) based on old catalogs and ongoing monitoring

Karamzadeh,

Tsereteli,

Gaucher

et al. 2023

J Seismol

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In the frame of the DAMAST (Dams and Seismicity) project, we deployed a dense high-fidelity seismological real-time network to investigate in detail the spatio-temporal seismicity distribution around the Enguri high dam, situated in the greater Caucasus in western Georgia. We aim at recording the weak seismicity in a 10 km distance around the dam structure. To lower the detection threshold by reducing the ambient background noise, we installed four seismic stations in shallow (ca. 20 m) and deep boreholes. From these stations, KIT1 with a depth of ca. 250 m is the deepest seismological station in Georgia. In this paper, we characterize the seismicity recorded by the local seismic network from October 2020 to July 2022. To have a better historical picture of the seismic activity, especially since the dam construction and initial operations, re-processing of the old seismological catalogs was carried out. This required digitizing the paper-only catalog copies prior to relocation. We finally obtain a uniform catalog for the Enguri region to characterize the seismicity and start investigating its possible relationship with the exploitation of the dam reservoirs.

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Active Kinematics of the Greater Caucasus from Seismological and GPS Data: A Review

Cited by 5 publications

References 62 publications

Modeling the Horizontal Velocity Field of the Earth’s Crust in a Regular Grid from GNSS Measurements

Modeling the Horizontal Velocity Field of the Earth’s Crust in a Regular Grid from GNSS Measurements

Timing and Evolution of Structures within the Southeastern Greater Caucasus and Kura Fold-Thrust Belt from Multiproxy Sediment Provenance Records

Seismological study around the Enguri dam reservoir (Georgia) based on old catalogs and ongoing monitoring

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