Active Monoterpene Ketones Isolated from Rosmarinus officinalis with Fumigant and Contact Action against Tyrophagus putrescentiae (Schrank)

Abstract

The acaricidal activities of an active material derived from Rosmarinus officinalis oil and its relative monoterpene ketones were determined using fumigant and contact toxicity bioassays against Tyrophagus putrescentiae and were compared with that of a commercial acaricide (benzyl benzoate). The active component of R. officinalis oil, isolated by silica gel column chromatography and high-performance liquid chromatography, was identified as camphor, based on various spectroscopic analyses. In the fumigant toxicity bioassay, camphor (2.25 μg/cm(3)) was 5.58 times more active than benzyl benzoate (12.56 μg/cm(3)) against T. putrescentiae, followed by (+)-camphor (3.89 μg/cm(3)) and (-)-camphor (5.61 μg/cm(3)). In the contact toxicity bioassay, camphor (1.34 μg/cm(2)) was 6.74 times more toxic than benzyl benzoate (9.03 μg/cm(2)) against T. putrescentiae, followed by (+)-camphor (2.23 μg/cm(2)) and (-)-camphor (2.94 μg/cm(2)). These results indicate that camphor and its derivatives are very useful as potential control agents against stored food mites regardless of the application method.

Enhanced cuticular penetration as the mechanism for synergy of insecticidal constituents of rosemary essential oil in Trichoplusia ni

“…Although camphor showed higher toxicity than 1,8-cineole in certain other insects and arthropods such as the armyworm, Pseudaletia unipuncta 56 , and the food mite, Tyrophagus putrescentiae 57 , 1,8-cineole has long been considered as the active insecticidal constituent of rosemary oil against many arthropod species including the cabbage looper 6 56 and stored-product insects 58 because of its high concentration in the oil and higher individual bioactivity. In the present study, however, camphor showed better internal toxicity (via injection) with enhanced penetration, indicating its more significant contribution to overall toxicity.…”

Rosemary: Unrevealing an old aromatic crop as a new source of promising functional food additive—A review

“…Guazzi et al (2001) collected the volatile oils of rosemary under different microclimate conditions for chromatographic analysis and identified hydrocarbons (59.2%), aldehydes and ketones (24.3%), alcohols (9.1%), as well as other related small molecules (7.3%) as the critical chemical constituents. Usually, the monoterpene hydrocarbons presented in rosemary essential oil include α-pinene, β-pinene, 1,8-cineole, camphor, linalool, borneol, camphene, α-terpineol, myrcene, bornyl acetate, α-terpinene, terpinen-4-ol, limonene, and verbenone (Figure 4), and the bicyclic monoterpenes were the dominant hydrocarbons in rosemary oil (90.38%) (Jeon et al, 2014).…”

Controlling Stored Products’ Pests with Plant Secondary Metabolites: A Review

“…Furthermore, Rosmarinus officinalis L. essential oil (EO) and its constituent compounds were active against this mite, both as a fumigant (LD 50 = 8.24 µg/cm 3 ) and in contact toxicity (LD 50 = 5.49 µg/cm 2 ). The constituent camphor appeared to be successful in combating the pest (fumigant toxicity LD 50 = 2.25 µg/cm 3 , contact toxicity LD 50 = 1.34 µg/cm 2 ) more effectively than benzyl benzoate (LD 50 = 12.56 µg/cm 3 , and 9.03 µg/cm 2 ) [22]. Other constituent substances in rosemary oil are α-pinene, 1,8-cineole and camphene, all exhibiting miticidal activity [23].…”