Active sensitization to (meth)acrylates

The European baseline series and recommended additions: 2019

“…Active sensitization as a consequence of patch testing remains a significant concern. Although 2‐HEMA 2% pet., according to the experience of the centres testing with it, did not result in active sensitization, this has been reported, and methyl methacrylate and other low molecular weight acrylates are weak sensitizers in the local lymph node assay. There is also a debate about p ‐phenylenediamine (PPD) 1% pet .…”

Occupational Allergic Contact Dermatitis due to Ultraviolet‐Cured Acrylic Glue

“…There are some reports about active sensitization due to (meth)acrylates [9][10][11][12][13][14] . Case 2 was actively sensitized by the prepared material at 10% of the UV-cured acrylic glue.…”

“…Case 2 was actively sensitized by the prepared material at 10% of the UV-cured acrylic glue. Previously, even 2% of 2-HEMA commercially available was reported to cause active sensitization [11][12][13][14] and so, in order not to cause active sensitization, the concentration of 2-HEMA in the commercial series (Trolab) was reduced from 2% to 1%. 2-HEMA has been considered as a weak sensitizer according to animal studies 2) but it can be a strong sensitizer in humans 12) .…”

“…To verify the reaction of Case 2, a second patch test was performed and 2-HEMA, EGDMA, and MMA showed positive results at 3 d. Case 2 might have been sensitized to EGDMA and MMA commercially available by the first patch testing but there is still a possibility that it was a late cross reaction to 2-HEMA. There are some reports that 2% EGDMA [11][12][13][14] and 2% MMA 11,12) currently commercially available cause active sensitization.…”

“…Acrylics are also reported to cause some types of adverse reaction when patch tested, such as active sensitization, latent reaction and late reaction [9][10][11][12][13][14][15] . Consequently, it is very difficult to perform patch testing with acrylics as the test may cause irritation and active sensitization at high concentration and false negative results at low concentrations.…”