2020
DOI: 10.1038/s41396-020-0602-x
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Active sulfur cycling in the terrestrial deep subsurface

Abstract: The deep terrestrial subsurface remains an environment where there is limited understanding of the extant microbial metabolisms. At Olkiluoto, Finland, a deep geological repository is under construction for the final storage of spent nuclear fuel. It is therefore critical to evaluate the potential impact microbial metabolism, including sulfide generation, could have upon the safety of the repository. We investigated a deep groundwater where sulfate is present, but groundwater geochemistry suggests limited micr… Show more

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Cited by 109 publications
(86 citation statements)
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“…In addition, Woesearchaeota were mainly found in upper sediment samples from the borehole (Supplementary Figure 3), which coincide with its wide ecological niches ranging from oxic to anoxic biotopes and might provide a series of intermediates for other aerobes and anaerobes due to reported heterotrophic and syntrophic lifestyle (Castelle et al, 2015;Liu et al, 2018). The sediments of A3 and A4 were characterized by the significant portion of microbial populations associated with reductions of nitrate (Anaeromyxobacter and nitratedependent methanotrophic Methanoperedens-like archaea), Fe (Anaeromyxobacter and Chloroflexi bacterium RBG_16_58_14), and sulfate (Deltaproteobacteria) ( Supplementary Figure 3; He and Sanford, 2003;Muyzer and Stams, 2008;Anantharaman et al, 2016;Welte et al, 2016;Bell et al, 2020). This is consistent with observations of low levels of nitrate and sulfate, but high level of HCl-extractable Fe 2+ in the samples A3 and A4, which further support the idea of an oxic to anoxic transition between the sediments of A2 and A3 (Figure 2).…”
Section: Microbial Community Composition and Functionmentioning
confidence: 89%
“…In addition, Woesearchaeota were mainly found in upper sediment samples from the borehole (Supplementary Figure 3), which coincide with its wide ecological niches ranging from oxic to anoxic biotopes and might provide a series of intermediates for other aerobes and anaerobes due to reported heterotrophic and syntrophic lifestyle (Castelle et al, 2015;Liu et al, 2018). The sediments of A3 and A4 were characterized by the significant portion of microbial populations associated with reductions of nitrate (Anaeromyxobacter and nitratedependent methanotrophic Methanoperedens-like archaea), Fe (Anaeromyxobacter and Chloroflexi bacterium RBG_16_58_14), and sulfate (Deltaproteobacteria) ( Supplementary Figure 3; He and Sanford, 2003;Muyzer and Stams, 2008;Anantharaman et al, 2016;Welte et al, 2016;Bell et al, 2020). This is consistent with observations of low levels of nitrate and sulfate, but high level of HCl-extractable Fe 2+ in the samples A3 and A4, which further support the idea of an oxic to anoxic transition between the sediments of A2 and A3 (Figure 2).…”
Section: Microbial Community Composition and Functionmentioning
confidence: 89%
“…Combined with previous reports that showed the S-driven Fe reduction coupled to anaerobic ammonium oxidation [21] , these data highlighted that the biogeochemical cycling of S, Fe and N could be coupled in Hapli-type anthrosol. To gain comprehensive and deeper understanding of mechanism coupling multielement biogeochemical processes in paddy soils, metagenomic approaches and hydrogeochemical evidences for element transformation should be further considered [58] .…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…For example, cryptic sulfur cycling is inferred to occur in sediments from Aarhus Bay (Baltic Sea) (Holmkvist et al, 2011) and Black Sea sediments (Mikucki et al, 2009) that were considered to be devoid of active sulfate reduction. Cryptic sulfur cycling has furthermore been described for subglacial lakes where sulfate-sulfur is apparently reduced and re-oxidized back via coupling to reductive iron cycling (Mikucki et al, 2009), for sulfide-poor groundwater of the deep terrestrial subsurface (Bell et al, 2020) as well as for marine oxygen minimum zones (Canfield et al, 2010;Johnston et al, 2014) where extensive sulfur cycles are presumably tied to reductive nitrogen cycling.…”
Section: The Biological Sulfur Cyclementioning
confidence: 99%
“…Rather, sulfur-oxidizing capabilities were assigned to organisms grouped into families known for metabolic versatility, e.g. the alphaproteobacterial Rhodobacteraceae, Rhodocyclaceae or Rhizobicaceae (Bell et al, 2020;Lenk et al, 2012).…”
Section: Dissimilatory Oxidation Of Reduced Sulfur Compoundsmentioning
confidence: 99%