Active Thermal Control System Considerations for the Next Generation of Human Rated Space Vehicles

Westheimer, David; Tuan, George C.

doi:10.2514/6.2005-342

Cited by 10 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…At the end of tube is the adhesive tip structure based on glycoprotein or glycolipid receptors. These structures are necessary for the movement towards surfaces, allowing microcolonies formation and initial bacterial adhesion [33].…”

Section: J O U R N a L P R E -P R O O Fmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Onboard the International Space Station (ISS) biofilm formation [26] and consequently microbial contamination continues to pose mission risks, to crew wellbeing as the opportunistic pathogens in water systems and crew cabin present a serious health threat [27][28][29][30]. On the other hand, formation of biofilms on mechanical systems can seriously challenge the hardware reliability as they can also cause biofouling and material degradation, which can lead to system failure during long term missions [31][32][33]. Especially, that with increasing spacecraft complexity, crew numbers, duration of missions, and multiple flights for each spacecraft, new challenges have arisen for long-term control of microbial contamination and biofilm development in systems reused mission-to-mission, particularly in the water storage/distribution systems [28].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Wetting/spreading on porous media and on deformable, soluble structured substrates as a model system for studying the effect of morphology on biofilms wetting and for assessing anti-biofilm methods

Zabiegaj

Duilio

Guido

et al. 2021

Current Opinion in Colloid & Interface Science

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Section: J O U R N a L P R E -P R O O Fmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wetting/spreading on porous media and on deformable, soluble structured substrates as a model system for studying the effect of morphology on biofilms wetting and for assessing anti-biofilm methods

Zabiegaj

Duilio

Guido

et al. 2021

Current Opinion in Colloid & Interface Science

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“…An astronaut will release almost 1.5 kg/d moisture by metabolism [1]. High humidity will not only influence the thermal comfort and health, but also is harmful to electronic equipment, which may cause many security problems[ ].An active environmental control method of condensing dehumidification has been researched and utilized in many manned spacecraft such as Space Shuttle, ISS and Shenzhou [3]. Warm and humid air is cooled below dew point by Condensing Heat Exchanger(CHX) with humidity and temperature decreasing.…”

Section: Inductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Air dehumidification by membrane with cold water for manned spacecraft environmental control

Shang

Wang

et al. 2017

MATEC Web Conf.

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Abstract. The traditional condensation dehumidification method requires additional gas-liquid separation and water recovery process in the manned spacecraft humidity control system, which would increase weight and complexity of systems. A new membrane dehumidification with cold water is proposed, which uses water vapor partial pressure difference to promote water vapor transmembrane mass transfer for dehumidification. The permeability of the membrane was measured and the experimental results agree well with the theoretical calculations. Based on the simulation of dehumidification process of cold water-membrane, the influence of module structure and working condition on dehumidification performance was analyzed, which provided reference for the design of membrane module construct. It can be seen from the simulation and experiments that the cold water-membrane dehumidification can effectively reduce the thermal load of the manned spacecraft.

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“…Because of the low efficiency of this process, a mechanical rotary separator is used in some systems. 8 Although dew point dehumidification can accurately control the humidity, it requires large cooling capacity to cool the air to below dew point. Besides, the dehumidified air must be heated before being delivered to the work space.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Air dehumidification by hollow fibre membrane with chilled water for spacecraft applications

Yang

Yuan

et al. 2015

Indoor and Built Environment

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A novel hydrophobic membrane-based dehumidification technology with chilled water is proposed to substitute the traditional dew point method for humidity control in spacecraft, which fulfils the tough tasks of air/water separation and water reuse under low gravity at the same time. A prototype hydrophobic membrane module was designed and fabricated by packing 853 hollow fibres in the shell-andtube configuration, which could prevent the leakage of the tube-side chilled water to the air side. Theoretical models concerning conjugated heat and mass transfer have been established for the explanation and prediction of the moisture migration across the membranes. Experiments were conducted to validate the theoretical models and the feasibility of water vapour removal under various operating conditions. Although undesirable dewing occurred on the outer membrane surface due to the slow mass transfer relative to heat transfer across the membranes, it was verified by the water increase in graduated cylinder that some water vapour actually transferred through the membrane pores under partial pressure difference. A maximum net dehumidification rate (excluding dewing) of 45 g/h has been achieved by the experiment.

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Active Thermal Control System Considerations for the Next Generation of Human Rated Space Vehicles

Cited by 10 publications

References 6 publications

Wetting/spreading on porous media and on deformable, soluble structured substrates as a model system for studying the effect of morphology on biofilms wetting and for assessing anti-biofilm methods

Wetting/spreading on porous media and on deformable, soluble structured substrates as a model system for studying the effect of morphology on biofilms wetting and for assessing anti-biofilm methods

Air dehumidification by membrane with cold water for manned spacecraft environmental control

Air dehumidification by hollow fibre membrane with chilled water for spacecraft applications

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