Activity cage as a method to analyze functional recovery after sciatic nerve injury in mice

Pavić, Roman; Tvrdeić, Ante; Tot, Ozana Katarina; Heffer-Lauc, Marija

doi:10.1080/08990220701745621

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Levels of activity were measured by detecting rat movements using a grid floor activity cage (Model No. 7430; Ugo Basile, Varese, Italy), according to the method described by Pavic et al [40].…”

Section: Evaluation Of the Psychological State Of Rats Using Grid Flomentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel Intranasal Drug Delivery: Geraniol Charged Polymeric Mixed Micelles for Targeting Cerebral Insult as a Result of Ischaemia/Reperfusion

et al. 2020

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Brain damage caused by cerebral ischaemia/reperfusion (I/R) can lead to handicapping. So, the present study aims to evaluate the prophylactic and therapeutic effects of geraniol in the form of intranasal polymeric mixed micelle (PMM) on the central nervous system in cerebral ischaemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. A 32 factorial design was used to prepare and optimize geraniol PMM to investigate polymer and stabilizer different concentrations on particle size (PS) and percent entrapment efficiency (%EE). F3 possessing the highest desirability value (0.96), with a PS value of 32.46 ± 0.64 nm, EE of 97.85 ± 1.90%, and release efficiency of 59.66 ± 0.64%, was selected for further pharmacological and histopathological studies. In the prophylactic study, animals were classified into a sham-operated group, a positive control group for which I/R was done without treatment, and treated groups that received vehicle (plain micelles), geraniol oil, and geraniol micelles intranasally before and after I/R. In the therapeutic study, treated rats received geraniol oil and micelles after I/R. Evaluation of the effect of geraniol on behavior was done by activity cage and rotarod and the analgesic effect tested by hot plate. Anti-inflammatory activity was assessed by measuring interleukin β6, cyclooxygenase-2, hydrogen peroxide, and inducible nitric oxide synthase. Histopathogical examination of cerebral cortices was also done to confirm the results of a biochemical assay. Geraniol nanostructured polymeric mixed micelles showed an enhanced neuro-protective effect compared to geraniol oil, confirming that PMM via intranasal route could be an efficient approach for delivering geraniol directly to the brain through crossing the blood–brain barrier.

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Section: Evaluation Of the Psychological State Of Rats Using Grid Flomentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel Intranasal Drug Delivery: Geraniol Charged Polymeric Mixed Micelles for Targeting Cerebral Insult as a Result of Ischaemia/Reperfusion

et al. 2020

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“…In the present contribution, YMT, NORT, and SRM were employed to analyze various aspects of cognitive functions. Also, activity meter cage (open field test (OFT)) was used in the assessment of motor function of emotional behavior [ 32 ]. Previous studies have shown that OFT measures emotional motor behavior based on aversive condition because of factor of novelty [ 40 , 41 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The activity cage measures spontaneous coordinate activity, meaning movement in either the horizontal or vertical plane of experimental animals within a specified amount of time. The locomotion function of the mice was evaluated using the activity cage preoperatively after feeding mice with C. albidum fruit-supplemented diet [ 32 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chrysophyllum albidum (African star apple) fruit-supplemented diet enhances cognitive functions and attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced memory impairment, oxidative stress, and release of proinflammatory cytokines

Ajayi¹,

Chidebe²,

Ben‐Azu³

et al. 2020

Nutrire

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Purpose Fruit-based supplement has an important role in protecting the brain against oxido-inflammatory stress. Chrysophyllum albidum fruit contained several phytonutrients that possess antioxidants and anti-inflammatory properties. Hence, this study investigated the effect of C. albidum fruit supplemented diet (CAFD) on cognitive functions and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced memory impairment and oxido-inflammatory response in mice. Methods Mice were randomized into two experiments. Experiment 1 with naïve mice contained four groups ( n = 6) while experiment 2 with LPS contains five groups ( n = 6). Mice in experiments 1 and 2 were fed on CAFD (5%, 10%, and 20%) in naïve (6 weeks) and LPS (250 μg/kg, i.p.) in the 7th week, respectively. Cognitive performance was tested using Y-maze test (YMT) and novel object recognition test (NORT) in the naïve and LPS mice. Brain samples were obtained for determination of oxido-inflammatory parameters and acetylcholinesterase activity. Results The CAFD significantly enhanced cognitive performance in the YMT and NORT in naïve and LPS mice, as evidenced by increased % alternation and discrimination index, respectively. CAFD supplementation significantly reduced acetylcholinesterase enzyme activity while it attenuated depletion of reduced glutathione and catalase activities in brains of naive and LPS-treated animals. The CAFD significantly reduced LPS-induced increased malondialdehyde levels in mice brains. CAFD supplementation significantly attenuated LPS-induced pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, TNF-α) in mice brains. Conclusion Chrysophyllum albidum fruit supplementation in diet enhances memory function and prevents cognitive deficits induced by LPS via mechanisms associated with inhibition of oxidative stress-related processes, acetylcholinesterase activity, and pro-inflammatory mediators.

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“…The area was wiped out with a 70% ( v / v ) alcohol solution in distilled water between sessions to prevent olfactory cues. Twenty-four hours after the last administration of the test drugs, each rat was then re-exposed to the activity apparatus for a 5-min test session, and the final activity counts were recorded [ 65 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anethole Pretreatment Modulates Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion: The Role of JNK, p38, MMP-2 and MMP-9 Pathways

Younis

Mohamed

2023

Pharmaceuticals

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Anethole (AN) is one of the major constituents of several plant oils, demonstrating plentiful pharmacological actions. Ischemic stroke is the main cause of morbidity and death worldwide, particularly since ischemic stroke therapeutic choices are inadequate and limited; thus, the development of new therapeutic options is indispensable. This study was planned to explore the preventive actions of AN in ameliorating cerebral ischemia/reperfusion-induced brain damage and BBB permeability leakage, as well as to explore anethole’s potential mechanisms of action. The proposed mechanisms included modulating JNK and p38 as well as MMP-2 and MMP-9 pathways. Sprague–Dawley male rats were randomly assigned into four groups: sham, middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO), AN125 + MCAO, and AN250 + MCAO. Animals in the third and fourth groups were pretreated with AN 125 or 250 mg/kg orally, respectively, for two weeks before performing middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO)-induced cerebral ischemic/reperfusion surgery. Animals that experienced cerebral ischemia/reperfusion exhibited amplified infarct volume, Evans blue intensity, brain water content, Fluoro-Jade B-positive cells, severe neurological deficits, and numerous histopathological alterations. MCAO animals exhibited elevated MMP-9 and MMP-2 gene expressions, enzyme activities, augmented JNK, and p38 phosphorylation. On the other hand, pretreatment with AN diminished the infarct volume, Evans blue dye intensity, brain water content, and Fluoro-Jade B-positive cells, improved the neurological score and enhanced histopathological examination. AN effectively lowered MMP-9 and MMP-2 gene expression and enzyme activities and diminished phosphorylated JNK, p38. AN decreased MDA content, amplified GSH/GSSG ratio, SOD, and CAT, decreased the serum and brain tissue homogenate inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β), NF-κB, and deterred the apoptotic status. This study revealed the neuroprotective ability of AN against cerebral ischemia/reperfusion in rats. AN boosted blood–brain barrier integrity via modulating MMPs and diminished oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis through the JNK/p38 pathway.

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Activity cage as a method to analyze functional recovery after sciatic nerve injury in mice

Cited by 9 publications

References 6 publications

Novel Intranasal Drug Delivery: Geraniol Charged Polymeric Mixed Micelles for Targeting Cerebral Insult as a Result of Ischaemia/Reperfusion

Novel Intranasal Drug Delivery: Geraniol Charged Polymeric Mixed Micelles for Targeting Cerebral Insult as a Result of Ischaemia/Reperfusion

Chrysophyllum albidum (African star apple) fruit-supplemented diet enhances cognitive functions and attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced memory impairment, oxidative stress, and release of proinflammatory cytokines

Anethole Pretreatment Modulates Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion: The Role of JNK, p38, MMP-2 and MMP-9 Pathways

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