Activity coefficients in the system NaCl + Na<sub>2</sub> succinate + H<sub>2</sub>O at 25°

Esteso, Miguel A.; Fernández-Mérida, L.; Hernández-Luis, Felipe; Díaz, O. González

doi:10.1002/bbpc.19890930220

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…The solubilities of many succinate and hydrogen succinate salts are not known, and there are few data that yield osmotic and activity coefficients of their aqueous solutions. These are needed to determine the primary interaction parameters in the Pitzer model (β 0 , β 1 , C 0φ , and C 1φ between each cation and anion). , Esteso et al − have determined activity coefficients of Na 2 Succ, and of NaCl, in aqueous mixtures of the salt with NaHSucc and Na 2 Succ. However, we have not adopted their Pitzer model treatment of the systems 12 because the authors determined the parameters for Na + −HSucc - interactions from measurements of stoichiometric osmotic coefficients of NaHSucc(aq) without recognizing that aqueous solutions of this salt exist as a mixture of Na + , H + , HSucc - , and Succ 2- ions, and undissociated succinic acid.…”

Section: Models Of Aqueous Dicarboxylic Solutions Including Dissociationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(e) Mean activity coefficients of NaCl in aqueous NaCl−Na 2 Succ mixtures at 298.15 K, plotted against the ionic strength fraction ( y B ) of Na 2 Succ. Data are from Esteso et al at the following ionic strengths: dot, 0.5; open circle, 1.0; cross, 2.0; plus, 3.0. The lines represent the fitted model.…”

Section: Models Of Aqueous Dicarboxylic Solutions Including Dissociationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Emfs yielding activity coefficients of NaCl in NaCl−Na 2 Succ and NaCl−NaHSucc solutions have been determined by Esteso et al , These experiments involve the use of Na + glass electrodes paired with an AgCl;Ag electrode, and also a separate reference cell. The measured quantity is the difference in emf between the test solution and a pure aqueous NaCl solution at the same stoichiometric ionic strength.…”

Section: Models Of Aqueous Dicarboxylic Solutions Including Dissociationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Thermodynamic Models of Aqueous Solutions Containing Inorganic Electrolytes and Dicarboxylic Acids at 298.15 K. 2. Systems Including Dissociation Equilibria

2006

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Atmospheric aerosols contain a significant fraction of water-soluble organic compounds, including dicarboxylic acids. Pitzer activity coefficient models are developed, using a wide range of data at 298.15 K, for the following systems containing succinic acid (H(2)Succ) and/or succinate salts: [H(+), Li(+), Na(+), K(+), Rb(+), Cs(+)]Cl(-)-H(2)Succ-H(2)O, HNO(3)-H(2)Succ-H(2)O, H(+)-NH(4)(+)-HSucc(-)-Succ(2-)-NH(3)-H(2)Succ-H(2)O, NH(4)Cl-(NH(4))(2)Succ-H(2)O, H(+)-Na(+)-HSucc(-)-Succ(2-)-Cl(-)-H(2)Succ-H(2)O, NH(4)NO(3)-H(2)Succ-H(2)O, and H(2)SO(4)-H(2)Succ-H(2)O. The above compositions are given in terms of ions in the cases where acid dissociation was considered. Pitzer models were also developed for the following systems containing malonic acid (H(2)Malo): H(+)-Na(+)-HMalo(-)-Malo(2-)-Cl(-)-H(2)Malo-H(2)O, and H(2)Malo-H(2)SO(4)-H(2)O. The models are used to evaluate the extended Zdanovskii-Stokes-Robinson (ZSR) model proposed by Clegg and Seinfeld (J. Phys. Chem. A 2004, 108, 1008-1017) for calculating water and solute activities in solutions in which dissociation equilibria occur. The ZSR model yields satisfactory results only for systems that contain moderate to high concentrations of (nondissociating) supporting electrolyte. A practical modeling scheme is proposed for aqueous atmospheric aerosols containing both electrolytes and dissociating (organic) nonelectrolytes.

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Section: Models Of Aqueous Dicarboxylic Solutions Including Dissociationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Models Of Aqueous Dicarboxylic Solutions Including Dissociationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Models Of Aqueous Dicarboxylic Solutions Including Dissociationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Thermodynamic Models of Aqueous Solutions Containing Inorganic Electrolytes and Dicarboxylic Acids at 298.15 K. 2. Systems Including Dissociation Equilibria

2006

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“…In cases where the two Harned coefficients α B(C) and α C(B) are not available from experiment, they may be estimated using other equations. For example, by Zdanovskii’s rule (see ref ) or by the Pitzer equations (see refs , ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Investigation of Harned’s Rule for Predicting the Activity Coefficients of Strong Aqueous Electrolyte Solution Mixtures at 25 °C

Rowland

May

2016

J. Chem. Eng. Data

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From a critical evaluation of the relevant literature, Harned coefficients at 25 °C and their corresponding trace activity coefficients are reported for 72 mixtures of strong aqueous electrolytes with a common ion. The work confirms the generality of Harned’s rule in its simplest form, that is, with only one (linear) term. Uncertainties in predicted mean activity coefficients are typically less than 0.01, comparable with the experimental reproducibility. Unless there are good grounds to suggest that significant changes in chemical speciation are occurring, experimental measurements that do not conform to the rule should be regarded with suspicion. We find that the estimates of errors made by authors of single potentiometric investigations are often as much as an order of magnitude too optimistic. Even the work of Harned and colleagues, which was typically of high quality, is sometimes much worse than is claimed or implied in the literature. The unfortunately common practice of introducing a quadratic term (as a second adjustable parameter) to extend Harned’s rule is unjustified, within the true current limits of experimental error. Harned’s rule with just one coefficient provides a description of aqueous strong electrolyte mixing thermodynamics which is widely applicable, satisfactorily accurate, and without sign of any systematic problem.

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Activity Coefficients of the Systems: NaBr + Na‐Acetate + H₂O and NaBr + Na‐Propionate + H₂O at 25°C. Application of Scatchard's, Pitzer's and Lim's Methods

Hernández-Luis

Fernández-Mérida

Díaz

et al. 1993

Ber Bunsenges Phys Chem

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Mean activity coefficients for NaBr in NaBr + Na‐Acetate + H2O and NaBr + Na‐Propionate + H2O mixed systems were determined from the emf measurements of galvanic cells without transport. The measurements were carried out at different total ionic strengths I = INaBr + INaR, between 0.1 and 3.5 mol · kg−1 when R = acetate anion, and between 0.1 and 3.0 mol · kg−1 when R = propionate anion. At each total ionic strength, different ratios INaBr/INaR were studied. These experimental mean activity coefficients were comparatively analyzed by using Scatchard's, Pitzer's and Lim's methods, finding that Lim's models lead to better fittings for these mixed systems. From the LH Lim model (that takes into account the Higher Order Limiting Law, HOLL), activity coefficients of traces for both electrolytes in each mixture were determined and qualitatively analyzed. Finally, the Gibbs excess energy of these mixtures was calculated and also qualitatively analyzed against both the size of the non common electrolyte and the composition of the mixed electrolyte.

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Activity coefficients in the system NaCl + Na₂ succinate + H₂O at 25°

Cited by 8 publications

References 14 publications

Thermodynamic Models of Aqueous Solutions Containing Inorganic Electrolytes and Dicarboxylic Acids at 298.15 K. 2. Systems Including Dissociation Equilibria

Thermodynamic Models of Aqueous Solutions Containing Inorganic Electrolytes and Dicarboxylic Acids at 298.15 K. 2. Systems Including Dissociation Equilibria

An Investigation of Harned’s Rule for Predicting the Activity Coefficients of Strong Aqueous Electrolyte Solution Mixtures at 25 °C

Activity Coefficients of the Systems: NaBr + Na‐Acetate + H₂O and NaBr + Na‐Propionate + H₂O at 25°C. Application of Scatchard's, Pitzer's and Lim's Methods

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Activity coefficients in the system NaCl + Na2 succinate + H2O at 25°

Cited by 8 publications

References 14 publications

Thermodynamic Models of Aqueous Solutions Containing Inorganic Electrolytes and Dicarboxylic Acids at 298.15 K. 2. Systems Including Dissociation Equilibria

Thermodynamic Models of Aqueous Solutions Containing Inorganic Electrolytes and Dicarboxylic Acids at 298.15 K. 2. Systems Including Dissociation Equilibria

An Investigation of Harned’s Rule for Predicting the Activity Coefficients of Strong Aqueous Electrolyte Solution Mixtures at 25 °C

Activity Coefficients of the Systems: NaBr + Na‐Acetate + H2O and NaBr + Na‐Propionate + H2O at 25°C. Application of Scatchard's, Pitzer's and Lim's Methods

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Activity coefficients in the system NaCl + Na₂ succinate + H₂O at 25°

Activity Coefficients of the Systems: NaBr + Na‐Acetate + H₂O and NaBr + Na‐Propionate + H₂O at 25°C. Application of Scatchard's, Pitzer's and Lim's Methods