Activity enhancement of G-quadruplex/hemin DNAzyme by spermine

Abstract

Biogenic polyamines participate in regulating gene expression, activating DNA synthesis and facilitating DNA-protein interaction through interaction with DNA/RNA. The interaction of polyamines with G-quadruplexes (G4s) has been reported to modulate the structure of G4s. In this paper, we investigate the effects of polyamines on one of the properties of G4s, G4/hemin peroxidase. Three polyamines (spermine, spermidine and putrescine) are found to have positive effects on different G4/hemin DNAzymes, in which spermine exhibits the strongest enhancement efficiency. CD and UV/Vis spectral analysis suggests two reasons for the strong activity enhancement: first, spermine protects hemin from rapid degradation by H 2 O 2 ; second, spermine condenses the G4 structures and provides a favorable microenvironment for the catalytic reaction. Since G4/hemin DNAzymes have been extensively applied in various chemical sensors and biosensors, this finding would be helpful for the design of G4/hemin based sensors and widen the application range of this kind of DNAzyme.

Improved method for chemiluminescent determination of peroxidase-mimicking DNAzyme activity

“…The obtained results showed that the activity of PMDNAzyme prepared with EAD2 aptamer was practically twice those of PMDNAzymes constructed with PS2.M and [B7]-3-0 aptamers (data not shown). High catalytic activity of PMDNAzyme with EAD2 was also reported previously [30,34]. Therefore, further work was carried out using the hemin-EAD2 complex as PMDNAzyme.…”

DNAzyme–aptamer or aptamer–DNAzyme paradigm: Biochemical approach for aflatoxin analysis

“…In a recent study by Qi et al., changes in DNAzyme structure and its activity by spermine were evaluated. CD and UV/Vis spectral analysis showed that this polyamine improved the catalytic reaction of DNAzyme .…”

The Effect of Adenine Repeats on G‐quadruplex/hemin Peroxidase Mimicking DNAzyme Activity

“…G-quadruplex/hemin complexesc an catalyze the oxidation of substrates (2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonica cid) (ABTS),3 ,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB), or luminol) in the presence of H 2 O 2 ,a nd the subsequentc olor change (ABTS, l max = 415 nm when oxidized) has been used in colorimetric and/or chemiluminescent detection of various targets.C ompared with proteinous enzymes, G-quadruplex/hemin DNAzymes have many advantages. Smallm olecule additives (ATP or spermine), [13][14][15] may be added to the G-quadruplex/hemin system;a lternatively, covalent conjugation of ac ationicp eptide [16] or hemin to G-quadruplex, [17] or chemical modification of G-quadruplexes [18] have been used. Furthermore, it is asimple and sensitive biosensor and molecular machine that is suitable for the detection of multiple targets such as metal ions, [3] small molecules, [4] and biomolecules (DNA and proteins), [5,6] which were described in recent reviews.…”