Activity in the Fusiform Gyrus Predicts Conscious Perception of Rubin's Vase–Face Illusion

Andrews, Timothy J.; Schluppeck, Denis; Homfray, Dave; Matthews, Paul M.; Blakemore, Colin

doi:10.1006/nimg.2002.1243

Cited by 110 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…These two lines of evidence converged to indicate that face responses in the FFA and OFA contribute to behavioral performance of face recognition. Our results are more generally in agreement with previous studies showing that the FFA response reflects the percept of a face, rather than the physical stimuli, in binocular rivalry (Tong et al, 1998) and the Rubin vase-face illusion (Hasson et al, 2001; Andrews et al, 2002), and that the FFA responses for upright vs. inverted faces was positively correlated behavioral face-inversion effect (Yovel and Kanwisher, 2005). Taken together, these results suggest that the face-selective responses may subserve the neural correlate of face perception and face recognition.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Individual differences in cortical face selectivity predict behavioral performance in face recognition

Huang

Song

et al. 2014

Front. Hum. Neurosci.

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In functional magnetic resonance imaging studies, object selectivity is defined as a higher neural response to an object category than other object categories. Importantly, object selectivity is widely considered as a neural signature of a functionally-specialized area in processing its preferred object category in the human brain. However, the behavioral significance of the object selectivity remains unclear. In the present study, we used the individual differences approach to correlate participants' face selectivity in the face-selective regions with their behavioral performance in face recognition measured outside the scanner in a large sample of healthy adults. Face selectivity was defined as the z score of activation with the contrast of faces vs. non-face objects, and the face recognition ability was indexed as the normalized residual of the accuracy in recognizing previously-learned faces after regressing out that for non-face objects in an old/new memory task. We found that the participants with higher face selectivity in the fusiform face area (FFA) and the occipital face area (OFA), but not in the posterior part of the superior temporal sulcus (pSTS), possessed higher face recognition ability. Importantly, the association of face selectivity in the FFA and face recognition ability cannot be accounted for by FFA response to objects or behavioral performance in object recognition, suggesting that the association is domain-specific. Finally, the association is reliable, confirmed by the replication from another independent participant group. In sum, our finding provides empirical evidence on the validity of using object selectivity as a neural signature in defining object-selective regions in the human brain.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Individual differences in cortical face selectivity predict behavioral performance in face recognition

Huang

Song

et al. 2014

Front. Hum. Neurosci.

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“…Interestingly, this level of modulation was comparable to that with binocular house and face perceptions (non-rivalrous conditions). Similarly, Andrews et al (2002) presented Rubin’s ambiguous Face/Vase stimulus and found slightly increased BOLD activity in the fusiform face area during the perception of the faces compared to trials with house percepts. Recently Watanabe et al (2011) found in V1 strong fMRI BOLD effects of attention but none of dominance vs. suppression intervals of binocular rivalry stimuli.…”

Section: Two (Of Several) Major Open Questions In the Context Of Multmentioning

confidence: 86%

Ambiguous Figures – What Happens in the Brain When Perception Changes But Not the Stimulus

Kornmeier¹,

Bach²

2012

Front. Hum. Neurosci.

152

148

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During observation of ambiguous figures our perception reverses spontaneously although the visual information stays unchanged. Research on this phenomenon so far suffered from the difficulty to determine the instant of the endogenous reversals with sufficient temporal precision. A novel experimental paradigm with discontinuous stimulus presentation improved on previous temporal estimates of the reversal event by a factor of three. It revealed that disambiguation of ambiguous visual information takes roughly 50 ms or two loops of recurrent neural activity. Further, the decision about the perceptual outcome has taken place at least 340 ms before the observer is able to indicate the consciously perceived reversal manually. We provide a short review about physiological studies on multistable perception with a focus on electrophysiological data. We further present a new perspective on multistable perception that can easily integrate previous apparently contradicting explanatory approaches. Finally we propose possible extensions toward other research fields where ambiguous figure perception may be useful as an investigative tool.

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“…Brain imaging has revealed that the fusiform face area (FFA) of the ventral occipito-temporal cortex responds with high selectivity to faces (Kanwisher, McDermott, & Chun, 1997). The FFA has been shown to be more active when the participant sees the stimulus as a face during the bistable oscillation of the Rubin face-vase illusion (Andrews, Schluppeck, Homfray, Matthews, & Blakemore, 2002; Hasson, Hendler, Ben Bashat, & Malach, 2001) or in near-threshold images (Grill-Spector, Knouf, & Kanwisher, 2004). Inverted presentation more greatly hinders a person’s recall of faces than of other objects, except in domains of exceptional expertise (e.g., the recall of show dogs by an highly experienced judge; Diamond & Carey, 1986).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Too real for comfort? Uncanny responses to computer generated faces

MacDorman¹,

Green²,

Ho³

et al. 2009

Computers in Human Behavior

423

334

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As virtual humans approach photorealistic perfection, they risk making real humans uncomfortable. This intriguing phenomenon, known as the uncanny valley, is well known but not well understood. In an effort to demystify the causes of the uncanny valley, this paper proposes several perceptual, cognitive, and social mechanisms that have already helped address riddles like empathy, mate selection, threat avoidance, cognitive dissonance, and psychological defenses. In the four studies described herein, a computer generated human character’s facial proportions, skin texture, and level of detail were varied to examine their effect on perceived eeriness, human likeness, and attractiveness. In Study I, texture photorealism and polygon count increased human likeness. In Study II, texture photorealism heightened the accuracy of human judgments of ideal facial proportions. In Study III, atypical facial proportions were shown to be more disturbing on photorealistic faces than on other faces. In Study IV, a mismatch in the size and texture of the eyes and face was especially prone to make a character eerie. These results contest the depiction of the uncanny valley as a simple relation between comfort level and human likeness. This paper concludes by introducing a set of design principles for bridging the uncanny valley.

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Activity in the Fusiform Gyrus Predicts Conscious Perception of Rubin's Vase–Face Illusion

Cited by 110 publications

References 53 publications

Individual differences in cortical face selectivity predict behavioral performance in face recognition

Individual differences in cortical face selectivity predict behavioral performance in face recognition

Ambiguous Figures – What Happens in the Brain When Perception Changes But Not the Stimulus

Too real for comfort? Uncanny responses to computer generated faces

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