Activity Minimization of Misinformation Influence in Online Social Networks

Zhu, Jianming; Ni, Peikun; Wang, Guoqing

doi:10.1109/tcss.2020.2997188

“…3) Social Effects. Although metaverse offers an exciting digital society, severe side effects can also raise in human society such as user addiction [57], rumor prevention [58], biased outcomes, and simulated facts. For example, the metaverse, in its ultimate form, is fully controlled by AI algorithms (as depicted in the film Matrix), in which the code can be the law to rule everything and severe ethical issues such as race/gender bias may arise.…”

Section: F Threats To Physical World and Human Societymentioning

confidence: 99%

A Survey on Metaverse: Fundamentals, Security, and Privacy

wang¹,

Zhou²,

Zhang³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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<div>Metaverse, as an evolving paradigm of the next-generation Internet, aims to build a fully immersive, hyper spatiotemporal, and self-sustaining virtual shared space for humans to play, work, and socialize. Driven by recent advances in emerging technologies such as extended reality, artificial intelligence, and blockchain, metaverse is stepping from the science fiction to an upcoming reality. However, severe privacy invasions and security breaches (inherited from underlying technologies or emerged in the new digital ecology) of metaverse can impede its wide deployment. At the same time, a series of fundamental challenges (e.g., scalability and interoperability) can arise in metaverse security provisioning owing to the intrinsic characteristics of metaverse, such as immersive realism, hyper spatiotemporality, sustainability, and heterogeneity.</div><div>In this paper, we present a comprehensive survey of the fundamentals, security, and privacy of metaverse.</div><div>Specifically, we first investigate a novel distributed metaverse architecture and its key characteristics with ternary-world interactions. Then, we discuss the security and privacy threats, present the critical challenges of metaverse systems, and review the state-of-the-art countermeasures. Finally, we draw open research directions for building future metaverse systems.</div>

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“…Wang et al (2017) propose a new rumor diffusion model and use an Ising model to optimally block the contagion. Zhu, Ni, and Wang (2020) estimate the influence of nodes and minimize the adoption of negative contagions by disabling nodes. Other approaches focus on blocking the spread via node removal (Kimura, Saito, and Nakano 2007;Yao et al 2015;Chen et al 2015;Kuhlman et al 2015) or edge removal (Kimura, Saito, and Motoda 2008;Khalil, Dilkina, and Song 2013;Chen et al 2016;Kuhlman et al 2013) and enhance network resilience (Chen et al 2015).…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Finding Nontrivial Minimum Fixed Points in Discrete Dynamical Systems: Complexity, Special Case Algorithms and Heuristics

Qiu

¹

,

Chen

²

,

Marathe

³

et al. 2022

AAAI

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Networked discrete dynamical systems are often used to model the spread of contagions and decision-making by agents in coordination games. Fixed points of such dynamical systems represent configurations to which the system converges. In the dissemination of undesirable contagions (such as rumors and misinformation), convergence to fixed points with a small number of affected nodes is a desirable goal. Motivated by such considerations, we formulate a novel optimization problem of finding a nontrivial fixed point of the system with the minimum number of affected nodes. We establish that, unless P = NP, there is no polynomial-time algorithm for approximating a solution to this problem to within the factor n^(1 - epsilon) for any constant epsilon > 0. To cope with this computational intractability, we identify several special cases for which the problem can be solved efficiently. Further, we introduce an integer linear program to address the problem for networks of reasonable sizes. For solving the problem on larger networks, we propose a general heuristic framework along with greedy selection methods. Extensive experimental results on real-world networks demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed heuristics. A full version of the manuscript, source code and data are available at: https://github.com/bridgelessqiu/NMIN-FPE

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“…1) Misinformation Spreading Mitigation: The extremely rapid information spreading (e.g., gossip) in the metaverse makes the so-called "butterfly effect" more challenging in social governance and public safety in the real world. As an attempt to address this issue, Zhu et al [58] propose to minimize the misinformation influence in online social networks (OSNs) by dynamically selecting a series of nodes to be blocked from the OSN. However, it only works in traditional static OSNs and it is challenging to be applied in the fully interactive metaverse with a huge and time-varying social graph structure.…”

Section: G Social Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Coalitional insurance with budget compliance for risk control in power grids •High defense level with long-term reduced premiums •Lack dynamic insurance design and dependence analysis of cyberthreats Cyber-insurance [58] Butterfly effect in information spreading } Minimize misinformation influence via dynamic node blocking in OSNs •Low misinformation spreading value and misinformation interactions •Challenging to be applied to the dynamic and time-varying metaverse Heuristic greedy [55] Human joystick attack }…”

Section: B Energy-efficient and Collaborative Metaversementioning

confidence: 99%

A Survey on Metaverse: Fundamentals, Security, and Privacy

wang¹,

Zhou²,

Zhang³

et al. 2022

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

<div>Metaverse, as an evolving paradigm of the next-generation Internet, aims to build a fully immersive, hyper spatiotemporal, and self-sustaining virtual shared space for humans to play, work, and socialize. Driven by recent advances in emerging technologies such as extended reality, artificial intelligence, and blockchain, metaverse is stepping from the science fiction to an upcoming reality. However, severe privacy invasions and security breaches (inherited from underlying technologies or emerged in the new digital ecology) of metaverse can impede its wide deployment. At the same time, a series of fundamental challenges (e.g., scalability and interoperability) can arise in metaverse security provisioning owing to the intrinsic characteristics of metaverse, such as immersive realism, hyper spatiotemporality, sustainability, and heterogeneity.</div><div>In this paper, we present a comprehensive survey of the fundamentals, security, and privacy of metaverse.</div><div>Specifically, we first investigate a novel distributed metaverse architecture and its key characteristics with ternary-world interactions. Then, we discuss the security and privacy threats, present the critical challenges of metaverse systems, and review the state-of-the-art countermeasures. Finally, we draw open research directions for building future metaverse systems.</div>

show abstract

Activity Minimization of Misinformation Influence in Online Social Networks

Cited by 47 publications

References 29 publications

A Survey on Metaverse: Fundamentals, Security, and Privacy

A Survey on Metaverse: Fundamentals, Security, and Privacy

Finding Nontrivial Minimum Fixed Points in Discrete Dynamical Systems: Complexity, Special Case Algorithms and Heuristics

A Survey on Metaverse: Fundamentals, Security, and Privacy

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