Activity of bleach, ethanol and two commercial disinfectants against spores of Encephalitozoon cuniculi

Jordan, Carly N.; DiCristina, Jennifer A.; Lindsay, David S.

doi:10.1016/j.vetpar.2005.11.005

Cited by 24 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…However, the wipes, isopropyl alcohol, and bleach solution demonstrated greater bacterial destruction, especially on the chest plate, when compared to UVC. This finding coincides with other studies proclaiming the efficacy of all three techniques (Jordan, DiCristina, & Lindsay, 2006;de Oliveira et al, 2011;Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2016a;Rutala & Weber, 1997;Hendry, Conway, & Worthington, 2012;Keen, Greatorex et al, 2010) under different conditions. These decontaminants are also more readily available and cost-effective than UVC to the wide range of professions and consumers utilizing decontamination methods in daily work and life.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…Bleach is a solution of sodium hypochlorite and water that historically has been very effective in killing microorganisms (Jordan, DiCristina, & Lindsay, 2006;de Oliveira et al, 2011;Rutala & Weber, 1997). It can enter microbial cells, where it reacts with many cellular components, destroying them and killing the cell (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2016a).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effectiveness of Four-Decontamination Techniques on Bacterial Growth on CPR Manikins after Use in a CPR Course

Katch¹,

Berry²

2017

IJFAE

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effectiveness of Four-Decontamination Techniques on Bacterial Growth on CPR Manikins after Use in a CPR Course

Katch¹,

Berry²

2017

IJFAE

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“…Previous studies have reported the effectiveness of hydrogen peroxide compounds against bacteria [32], parasites [33], and viruses [34]. In the present study, Oxivir-TB with 0.5% hydrogen peroxide exhibited moderate virucidal activities against both NV and GII.4, which suggests that hydrogen peroxide has broad spectrum antimicrobial and antiviral activities.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 61%

Immunomagnetic separation combined with RT-qPCR for determining the efficacy of disinfectants against human noroviruses

Liu

Kim²,

Schlesinger³

et al. 2015

Journal of Infection and Public Health

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Little is known about the effectiveness of disinfectants against human noroviruses (NoV) partially because human NoV cannot be routinely cultured in laboratory. The objective of this study was to develop a NoV monoclonal antibody-conjugated immunomagnetic separation (IMS) procedure combined with real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) assays to study the in vitro efficacy of disinfectants against human NoV. Monoclonal antibodies against Norwalk virus (NV, GI.1) and NoV GII.4 were produced using unique NoV capsid proteins, and the antibodies were conjugated to magnetic Dynalbeads. The immunomagnetic beads were used to simultaneously capture intact NoV in samples and effectively remove PCR inhibitors. We examined the efficacy of ethanol, sodium hypochlorite, nine commercially available disinfectants, and one prototype disinfectant using the IMS/RT-qPCR. The sensitivity of this procedure was approximately 100 virus particles for both the NV and GII.4 viruses. The average log reductions in in vitro activities varied between disinfectants. The prototype disinfectant produced an average 3.19-log reduction in NV and a 1.38-log reduction in GII.4. The prototype disinfectant is promising of inactivating NoV. This method can be used to evaluate in vitro activity of disinfectants against human NoV. The IMS/RT-qPCR method is promising as an effective method to remove PCR inhibitors in disinfectants and enable the evaluation of the efficacy of disinfectants.

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“…Therefore, all the existing rabbits were finally slaughtered. Then, the facility was closed, and all the equipment was disinfected with a burner, 70% ethanol or boiled water, which has been confirmed to be effective against spores of E. cuniculi [19,22,35]. Fortunately, no staff have shown any symptoms related to E. cuniculi infection during the surveillance period, although we have not serologically tested for antibodies against E. cuniculi in the animal keepers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surveillance for an Outbreak of <i>Encephalitozoon cuniculi</i> Infection in Rabbits Housed at a Zoo and Biosecurity Countermeasures

et al. 2013

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ABSTRACT. An outbreak of encephalitozoonosis occurred in a rabbit colony at a zoo in Japan. Throughout the two years after the onset, all 42 rabbits were investigated clinically, pathologically and serologically for prevention and control of the disease. Eleven rabbits (11/42, 26.2%) showed clinical symptoms. Of 38 rabbits examined to detect specific antibodies against Encephalitozoon cuniculi, 71.1% (n=27) were found seropositive; 20 out of 30 clinically healthy rabbits (except for 8 clinical cases) were seropositive. The infection rate was 76.2% (32/42), including 5 pathologically diagnosed cases. The results of serological survey revealed that asymptomatic infection was widespread, even among clinically healthy rabbits. However, encephalitozoonosis was not found by pathological examination in any other species of animals kept in the same area within the zoo. Isolation and elimination of the rabbits with suspected infection based on the results of serological examination were carried out immediately; however, encephalitozoonosis continued to occur sporadically. Therefore, all the remaining rabbits were finally slaughtered. Then, the facility was closed, and all the equipment was disinfected. After a two-month interval, founder rabbits were introduced from encephalitozoonosis-free rabbitries for new colony formation. Since then, encephalitozoonosis has not been seen in any animals at the zoo. In this study, biosecurity countermeasures including staff education, epidemiological surveillance and application of an "all-out and all-in" system for rabbit colony establishment based on serological examination were successfully accomplished with regard to animal hygiene and public health for the eradication of E. cuniculi.

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Activity of bleach, ethanol and two commercial disinfectants against spores of Encephalitozoon cuniculi

Cited by 24 publications

References 7 publications

Effectiveness of Four-Decontamination Techniques on Bacterial Growth on CPR Manikins after Use in a CPR Course

Effectiveness of Four-Decontamination Techniques on Bacterial Growth on CPR Manikins after Use in a CPR Course

Immunomagnetic separation combined with RT-qPCR for determining the efficacy of disinfectants against human noroviruses

Surveillance for an Outbreak of <i>Encephalitozoon cuniculi</i> Infection in Rabbits Housed at a Zoo and Biosecurity Countermeasures

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