Activity ofOcimum basilicum,Ocimum canum, andCymbopogon citratusessential oils againstPlasmodium falciparumand mature-stage larvae ofAnopheles funestuss.s.

Abstract

The biological activities of essential oils from three plants grown in Cameroon: Ocimum basilicum, Ocimum canum, and Cymbopogon citratus were tested against Plasmodium falciparum and mature-stage larvae of Anopheles funestus. Gas chromatography and gas chromatography – mass spectrometry analyses showed that the main compounds are geranial, 1,8-cineole and linalool in C. citratus, O. canum and O. basilicum, respectively. Larvicidal tests carried out according to the protocol recommended by the World Health Organization showed that the essential oil of leaves of C. citratus is the most active against larvae of An. funestus (LC50 values = 35.5 ppm and 34.6 ppm, respectively, for larval stages III and IV after 6 h of exposure). Besides, the in vitro anti-plasmodial activity evaluated by the radioisotopic method showed that the C. citratus oil is the most active against P. falciparum, with an IC50 value of 4.2 ± 0.5 μg/mL compared with O. canum (20.6 ± 3.4 μg/mL) and O. basilicum (21 ± 4.6 μg/mL). These essential oils can be recommended for the development of natural biocides for fighting the larvae of malaria vectors and for the isolation of natural products with anti-malarial activity.

Lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus) oil: A promising miticidal and ovicidal agent against Sarcoptes scabiei

“…The chemical profile of lemongrass oil analysis in this study was comparable with that described previously from plants collected in Cameroon [19]. The results revealed a large proportion of citral, which is a natural mixture of two isomeric aldehydes, geranial (trans-citral, citral A) and neral (cis-citral, citral B) [20].…”

Oviposition deterrent activity of basil plants and their essentials oils against Tuta absoluta (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae)

“…For instance, the biocidal effects (insecticidal, repellent) of Ocimum spp. (Lamiaceae) have been well studied, mainly on malaria insect vectors (Kazembe and Chauruka 2012;Belong et al 2013;Akono Ntonga et al 2014) and on pests of stored products (Ilboudo et al 2010;Adeniyi et al 2010;Koubala et al 2013). In intercropping systems, Ocimum spp.…”

UHPLC-DAD characterization of bioactive secondary metabolites from Ocimum americanum and Pupalia lappacea extracts: Antioxidant activity and antihypertensive effects on L-NAME-induced hypertensive rats

“…Ocimum americanum is widely used alone or in combination to treat many diseases such as hypertension, skin disease, dysentery, digestive, stomachic, genitorurinary, lowering blood glucose and also treats cold, fever, parasitic infestations, inflammation of joints and headaches (Karou et al, 2011;Lagnika et al, 2016). Antibacterial, antimalarial, antioxidant and insecticidal activities have been also reported (Ntonga et al, 2014). Pupalia lappacea is reported in folk medicine for various purposes.…”