1992
DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.12-05-01640.1992
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Activity of medial mesopontine units during cataplexy and sleep-waking states in the narcoleptic dog

Abstract: Narcolepsy has been hypothesized to be a disease of rapid eye movement (REM) sleep. According to this hypothesis, cataplexy is a result of the triggering during waking of the mechanism that normally serves to suppress muscle tone in REM sleep. REM sleep control mechanisms have been localized to the pons. Narcoleptic dogs have increased numbers of cholinergic receptors in the medial pons. These findings suggest that neurons mediating the triggering of cataplexy might be located in medial pontine regions. In the… Show more

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Cited by 47 publications
(24 citation statements)
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“…However, the LC has also been reported as being involved in maintaining muscle tone (Kiyashchenko et al, 2001;Pompeiano, 2001), with a correlation being demonstrated between LC activity and the maintenance of muscle tone during waking (Andre et al, 1995). In contrast, reduction in LC activity, observed during cataplexy and REM sleep, has been demonstrated as being associated with loss of muscle tone (Siegel et al, 1992). Interestingly, REM sleep abnormalities have also been reported in gabrb3 -/-mice (Wisor et al, 2002).…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…However, the LC has also been reported as being involved in maintaining muscle tone (Kiyashchenko et al, 2001;Pompeiano, 2001), with a correlation being demonstrated between LC activity and the maintenance of muscle tone during waking (Andre et al, 1995). In contrast, reduction in LC activity, observed during cataplexy and REM sleep, has been demonstrated as being associated with loss of muscle tone (Siegel et al, 1992). Interestingly, REM sleep abnormalities have also been reported in gabrb3 -/-mice (Wisor et al, 2002).…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Cataplexy is most typically triggered by emotional excitation. Phasic phenomena of REM sleep, such as rapid eye movements and muscle twitching, are sometimes, but not always, observed during cataplexy Siegel et al 1992). Although narcoleptic dogs also exhibit SOREMPs, there is little evidence to suggest that the generation of REM sleep itself is altered in narcoleptic dogs .…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…All values are means Ϯ SEM; **p Ͻ 0.003; A.U., arbitrary units. (Siegel et al, 1983(Siegel et al, , 1992. These cells could therefore provide the source of endogenous drive onto motoneurons during both REM sleep and waking; the inactivity of these cells during NREM could also explain the absence of a glutamatergic drive during this state.…”
Section: What Is the Source Of The Endogenous Glutamatergic Drive To mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Motoneurons express ionotropic glutamate receptors and receive glutamatergic innervation from brainstem regions regulating arousal states and motor control (Rekling et al, 2000). The discharge pattern of neurons in the medial medulla, in which glutamate-containing cells are located (Kaneko et al, 1989), parallels the activity pattern of muscle tone across the sleep cycle, with neuronal activity being maximal in waking, minimal in NREM sleep, and either silent or episodically active in REM sleep (Siegel et al, 1983(Siegel et al, , 1992. Despite this evidence, the role of glutamate in regulating levels of motoneuron excitability and muscle tone during natural sleepwake motor behaviors has never been tested.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%