Activity of ovarian  5-3 -hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase in the domestic fowl (Gallus domesticus) with respect to age

Davidson, Maida F.; Gilbert, A. B.; Wells, John W.

doi:10.1530/jrf.0.0570061

Cited by 26 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…In the toad, the enzyme activity measured in follicular homogenates increased with increasing size of the follicle (ThieberFouchet, Mulner & Ozon, 1976;Mulner, Thieber & Ozon, 1978). An earlier histochemical study on fowl follicular 3ß-hydroxy-A5-steroid dehydrogenase also agrees with the current work (Davidson, Gilbert & Wells, 1979). The increase in activity of granulosa enzymes during the rapid growth phase of the follicle can be interpreted as a mechanism whereby the tissue is prepared for a rapid burst in metabolic activity before ovulation.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

3β-Hydroxy-Δ5-steroid dehydrogenase activity in the rapidly growing ovarian follicles of the domestic fowl (Gallus domesticus)

Armstrong¹

1982

Journal of Endocrinology

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The total and specific activity of 3 beta-hydroxy-delta 5-steroid dehydrogenase, isocitrate dehydrogenase (NADP+) and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase were measured in ovarian follicles from the domestic fowl. The enzymes were assayed in the five largest yolk-filled follicles which were sampled twice during the ovulatory cycle, at 1 h and 16 h before an expected ovulation. The total and specific activity of granulosa enzymes increased throughout the hierarchy and reached a maximum in the largest follicle. The relative increase in 3 beta-hydroxy-delta 5-steroid dehydrogenase activity was greater than that of the other two enzymes examined. The total thecal 3 beta-hydroxy-delta 5-steroid dehydrogenase activity reached a maximum in the third and fourth largest follicles. Thereafter its activity decreased up to the time of ovulation. The activity of 3 beta-hydroxy-delta 5-steroid dehydrogenase and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase in follicles collected 1 h before and ovulation were significantly less than the activity in corresponding follicles collected 16 h before an ovulation.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

3β-Hydroxy-Δ5-steroid dehydrogenase activity in the rapidly growing ovarian follicles of the domestic fowl (Gallus domesticus)

Armstrong¹

1982

Journal of Endocrinology

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“…G cells from prehierarchical 3-8 mm hen follicles are steroidogenically incompetent because they lack cytochrome P450 sidechain cleavage enzyme (P450 scc; Tilly et al 1991b) and 3 -hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (in <5 mm; Davidson et al 1979). Therefore, nearly all steroids secreted by hen follicles <8 mm are derived from the surrounding T layers (interna and externa).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ovarian follicle development in the laying hen is accompanied by divergent changes in inhibin A, inhibin B, activin A and follistatin production in granulosa and theca layers

Lovell

Gladwell²,

Groome³

et al. 2003

Journal of Endocrinology

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To study the potential involvement of inhibin A (inhA), inhibin B (inhB), activin A (actA) and follistatin (FS) in the recruitment of follicles into the preovulatory hierarchy, growing follicles (ranging from 1 mm to the largest designated F1) and the three most recent postovulatory follicles (POFs) were recovered from laying hens (n=11). With the exception of <4 mm follicles and POFs, follicle walls were dissected into separate granulosa (G) and theca (T) layers before extraction. Contents of inhA, inhB, actA and FS in tissue extracts were assayed using specific two-site ELISAs and results are expressed per mg DNA. InhB content of both G and T followed a similar developmental pattern, although the content was >4-fold higher in G than in T at all stages. InhB content was very low in follicles <4 mm but increased 50-fold (P<0·0001) to peak in 7-9 mm follicles, before falling steadily as follicles entered and moved up the follicular hierarchy (40-fold; 8 mm vs F2). In stark contrast, inhA remained very low in prehierarchical follicles (c9 mm) but then increased progressively as follicles moved up the preovulatory hierarchy to peak in F1 (100-fold increase; P<0·0001); In F1 >97% of inhA was confined to the G layer whereas in 5-9 mm follicles inhA was only detected in the T layer.Both inhA and inhB contents of POFs were significantly reduced compared with F1. Follicular actA was mainly confined to the T layer although detectable levels were present in G from 9 mm; actA was low between 1 and 9 mm but increased sharply as follicles entered the preovulatory hierarchy (6-fold higher in F4; P<0·0001); levels then fell 2-fold as the follicle progressed to F1. Like actA, FS predominated in the T although significant amounts were also present in the G of prehierarchical follicles (4-9 mm), in contrast to actA, which was absent from the G. The FS content of T rose 3-fold from 6 mm to a plateau which was sustained until F1. In contrast, the FS content of G was greatest in prehierarchical follicles and fell 4-fold in F4-F1 follicles. ActA and FS contents of POFs were reduced compared with F1. In vitro studies on follicle wall explants confirmed the striking divergence in the secretion of inhA and inhB during follicle development. These findings of marked stage-dependent differences in the expression of inhA, inhB, actA and FS proteins imply a significant functional role for these peptides in the recruitment and ordered progression of follicles within the avian ovary.

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“…However, in follicles of about 8 mm the granulosa cells may be changing their function because they stop producing the transosomes, the specialized bodies that are transferred to yolk-forming oocytes (Grifffn et al, 1983), and the first indications of steroid dehydrogenases are seen (Davidson, Gilbert & Wells, 1979). Whether these observations are directly related to the ability of a follicle to resist atresia or are merely indicative of a change in state must await further investigation.…”

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confidence: 99%

Role of atresia in establishing the follicular hierarchy in the ovary of the domestic hen (Gallus domesticus)

Gilbert¹,

Perry²,

Waddington³

et al. 1983

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Summary. At peak laying periods the ovary of the domestic hen contained 30\p=n-\100small yolky follicles with diameters varying between 1 and 8 mm. In general, the number of these healthy follicles decreased with increasing size in that there were about 20 follicles with a diameter of 1\p=n-\2mm and 1 follicle (mean < 1) with a diameter of 7\p=n-\8 mm. The number of follicles with diameters > 8 mm (the hierarchy of large, yolky follicles) varied between 4 and 7. By using a dye-marker, growth from 3 to 5 mm was estimated to take 3 days, from 5 to 8 mm, 2 days and from 8 mm to ovulation, 6 days. No information was obtained for growth between 1 and 3 mm because the dye did not enter these smaller follicles. Between 5 and 25 small yolky follicles were atretic. The reduction in the number of follicles with time and the high incidence of atresia suggests that this is a normal fate of small yolky follicles in birds with a high rate of lay. In marked contrast, only one large yolky follicle was observed to be atretic throughout the whole experiment. These two very different levels of atresia serve to define two distinct groups of follicles in the size range studied. Ovulation rate appears to be the product of two complementary mechanisms, one for the initiation of growth and the other controlling the rate at which the small yolky follicles are lost through atresia.

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Activity of ovarian 5-3 -hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase in the domestic fowl (Gallus domesticus) with respect to age

Cited by 26 publications

References 8 publications

3β-Hydroxy-Δ5-steroid dehydrogenase activity in the rapidly growing ovarian follicles of the domestic fowl (Gallus domesticus)

3β-Hydroxy-Δ5-steroid dehydrogenase activity in the rapidly growing ovarian follicles of the domestic fowl (Gallus domesticus)

Ovarian follicle development in the laying hen is accompanied by divergent changes in inhibin A, inhibin B, activin A and follistatin production in granulosa and theca layers

Role of atresia in establishing the follicular hierarchy in the ovary of the domestic hen (Gallus domesticus)

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