Activity of spiramycin against Toxoplasma gondii in vitro, in experimental infections and in human infection

Chang, Huilan; Péchère, Jean-Claude

doi:10.1093/jac/22.supplement_b.87

Cited by 21 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…SPI has long been known to be effective in acute murine infection [3,14], with an inhibitory rather than a curative effect [15]. This is confirmed by our findings that even when greatly reducing residual infection, no SPI regimen was able to eradicate the parasite.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Effectiveness of spiramycin in murine models of acute and chronic toxoplasmosis

Grujić¹,

Djurković–Djaković²,

Nikolić³

et al. 2005

International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Effectiveness of spiramycin in murine models of acute and chronic toxoplasmosis

Grujić¹,

Djurković–Djaković²,

Nikolić³

et al. 2005

International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents

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“…These results while in contrast to some reports in patients are in line with the poor antiparasitic activity of spiramycin and other macrolides in experimental studies [29][30][31][32], and confirm results of other studies that did not find an impact of antiparasitic treatment on avidity maturation [11,13]. The activity of azithromycin on cerebral toxoplasmosis is limited by its poor brain penetration [30]; in murine models of chronic infection, only long-term administration of spiramycin or azithromycin resulted in a significant reduction of brain cysts burdens [29,33].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 72%

Antiparasitic treatment suppresses production and avidity ofToxoplasma gondii-specific antibodies in a murine model of acute infection

Alvarado‐Esquivel¹,

Niewiadomski²,

Schweickert³

et al. 2011

European Journal of Microbiology and Immunology

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Infection with Toxoplasma gondii during pregnancy may result in congenital transmission of the parasite. Infection is commonly diagnosed using serological tests for IgG, IgM and IgA antibodies. Avidity of IgG antibodies is used to exclude acute infection. Few studies have investigated the impact of antiparasitic treatment on the production of anti-T. gondii antibody and the avidity of IgG antibodies. We therefore investigated the production of IgG, IgM, and IgA antibodies and IgG avidity in a murine model of acute infection with 10 cysts of T. gondii. All antibody classes increased following infection. Treatment of mice with py rime thamine/ sulfadiazine but not with spiramycin or azithromycin at dosages equivalent to those used in patients resulted in a significant decrease in the concentration of T. gondii-specific IgG and IgM antibodies postinfection. IgG and IgM antibody decreases were paralleled by a significant reduction in cyst numbers in brains of mice treated with pyrimethamine/sulfadiazine but not with other drugs. In contrast, treatment with atovaquone did significantly reduce the concentrations of IgM antibodies and resulted in reduced IgG avidity indices. T. gondii-specific DNA was not detected in blood between days 1 and 3. In conclusion, antiparasitic treatment with pyrimethamine/sulfadiazine and atovaquone appears to impact the generation of antibody responses against T. gondii. Future studies will have to determine the specific impact of antiparasitic treatment on antibody responses and the consequences for the management of patients infected with T. gondii.

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“…With respect to the above mentioned results, this study revealed that SP-metronidazole, gave the best effect on both the survival time and parasite load in liver, spleen and brain. The efficacy of this combination may be attributed to parasite protein synthesis inhibition by SP together with high tissue penetration capacity of metronidazole [38]. There have been no reports dealing with the effectiveness of SP-metronidazole upon acute toxoplasmosis in experimental animals.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of nitazoxanide and spiramycin metronidazole combination in acute experimental toxoplasmosis

FarahatAllam

Shehab

Mogahed

et al. 2020

Heliyon

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Successful treatment of Toxoplasma gondii infection is difficult to attain. This study was designed to evaluate the efficacy of sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim (SMZ-TMP), as the reference drug, nitazoxanide (NTZ), spiramycin (SP) and SP-metronidazole against the virulent RH T. gondii strain in acute experimental toxoplasmosis. One hundred Swiss albino mice were divided into control and experimental groups. Each mouse was infected with 2500 tachyzoites. Twenty infected untreated mice were used as control. The experimental group was subdivided into four subgroups (20 mice each); IIa SMZ-TMP, IIb NTZ, IIc SP and IId SP-metronidazole. All drugs were in tablet form, and were administered orally in suspension, for a period of seven days. Assessment of each drug efficacy was achieved through the study of mice survival time, mortality rate, parasite load, viability and morphological studies of tachyzoites by scanning electron microscope (SEM). The obtained results showed that SMZ-TMP, SP and SP-metronidazole were effective against acute murine toxoplasmosis and caused deformities in the tachyzoites ultrastructure. SP-metronidazole gave the best results on both mice survival rate and parasite load in the brain and liver. SMZ-TMP induced formation of prominent filaments extending from the deformed tachyzoites. NTZ showed little effect. In conclusion, all used drugs succeeded to prolong the survival time of the mice. SP-metronidazole gave the foremost effect on both mice survival rate and parasite load in the liver, spleen and brain. As this combination is nontoxic to human, it is promising for the treatment of human toxoplasmosis.

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Activity of spiramycin against Toxoplasma gondii in vitro, in experimental infections and in human infection

Cited by 21 publications

References 22 publications

Effectiveness of spiramycin in murine models of acute and chronic toxoplasmosis

Effectiveness of spiramycin in murine models of acute and chronic toxoplasmosis

Antiparasitic treatment suppresses production and avidity ofToxoplasma gondii-specific antibodies in a murine model of acute infection

Effect of nitazoxanide and spiramycin metronidazole combination in acute experimental toxoplasmosis

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