Activity of the RhoU/Wrch1 GTPase is critical for cranial neural crest cell migration

Fort, Philippe; Guémar, Linda; Vignal, Emmanuel; Morin, Nathalie; Notarnicola, Cécile; Barbara, Pascal de Santa; Faure, Sandrine

doi:10.1016/j.ydbio.2010.12.011

Cited by 33 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…In HeLa cells, Rhou localizes to focal adhesions and its overexpression promotes the disassembly of focal adhesions and increases cell motility (Chuang et al, 2007). Consistent with the cell culture results, in Xenopus embryos, in which Rhou is expressed in migrating cranial neural crest cells, Rhou knockdown impairs cell migration (Fort et al, 2011). In MDCK (canine kidney epithelial) cells, overexpression of Rhou disrupts tight junction formation and the distribution of F-actin, and depletion of Rhou disrupts lumen formation in cysts (Brady et al, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 70%

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Rhou maintains the epithelial architecture and facilitates differentiation of the foregut endoderm

et al. 2011

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SUMMARYRhou encodes a Cdc42-related atypical Rho GTPase that influences actin organization in cultured cells. In mouse embryos at earlysomite to early-organogenesis stages, Rhou is expressed in the columnar endoderm epithelium lining the lateral and ventral wall of the anterior intestinal portal. During foregut development, Rhou is downregulated in regions where the epithelium acquires a multilayered morphology heralding the budding of organ primordia. In embryos generated from Rhou knockdown embryonic stem (ES) cells, the embryonic foregut displays an abnormally flattened shape. The epithelial architecture of the endoderm is disrupted, the cells are depleted of microvilli and the phalloidin-stained F-actin content of their sub-apical cortical domain is reduced. Rhou-deficient cells in ES cell-derived embryos and embryoid bodies are less efficient in endoderm differentiation. Impaired endoderm differentiation of Rhou-deficient ES cells is accompanied by reduced expression of c-Jun/AP-1 target genes, consistent with a role for Rhou in regulating JNK activity. Downregulation of Rhou in individual endoderm cells results in a reduced ability of these cells to occupy the apical territory of the epithelium. Our findings highlight epithelial morphogenesis as a required intermediate step in the differentiation of endoderm progenitors. In vivo, Rhou activity maintains the epithelial architecture of the endoderm progenitors, and its downregulation accompanies the transition of the columnar epithelium in the embryonic foregut to a multilayered cell sheet during organ formation.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 70%

“…1Ci,ii). Unlike in Xenopus embryos (Fort et al, 2011), Rhou expression was not detected in migrating cranial neural crest cells. At E9.5, Rhou was expressed in the pharyngeal pouches (Fig.…”

Section: Rhou Is Expressed In the Foregut Endodermcontrasting

confidence: 60%

Rhou maintains the epithelial architecture and facilitates differentiation of the foregut endoderm

et al. 2011

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“…Moreover, genes encoding cytoskeletal components and their upstream regulators in the Rho GTPase signaling pathway were differentially expressed by LCs and SVECs (Figure 2Fiii,I-J). RHOU, which encodes Wrch-1, an atypical Rho GTPase family member, [23][24][25] was highly expressed by LCs (GEA, 95.70%), but not SVECs ( Figure 2I). Both RHOU and the GTPase-activating protein encoding gene, ARHGAP8, were among the top 20 most upregulated genes by LCs ( Figure 2D).…”

Section: Global Gene Expression Profile Analysis Of Purified Lcs and mentioning

confidence: 99%

The characteristics of vessel lining cells in normal spleens and their role in the pathobiology of myelofibrosis

Qiu

Salama

et al. 2018

Blood Advances

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“…31 In addition, RhoU is required for the migration of cranial neural crest cells in Xenopus laevis embryos. 32 RhoU also regulates the ability of these cells to differentiate into craniofacial cartilages. 32 …”

Section: In Vivo Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulation and functions of RhoU and RhoV

Hodge

Ridley

2017

Small GTPases

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Rho GTPases play central roles in a wide variety of cellular processes, including cytoskeletal dynamics, cell adhesion and cell polarity. RhoU and RhoV are Rho GTPases that have some atypical properties compared with classical Rho family members, such as the presence of N-and C-terminal extension regions, unusual GDP/GTP cycling and post-translational modification by palmitoylation but not prenylation. Their activity and localization is regulated by the N-terminal and C-terminal regions, and so far no GEFs or GAPs have been identified for them. Similar to Rac and Cdc42, they interact with PAK serine/threonine kinases, and in the case of PAK4, this interaction leads to RhoU protein stabilization. In cells, RhoU and RhoV alter cell shape and cell adhesion, which probably underlies some of the phenotypes reported for these proteins in vivo, for example in heart development and epithelial morphogenesis. However, the molecular basis for these functions of RhoU and RhoV remains to be characterized.

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Activity of the RhoU/Wrch1 GTPase is critical for cranial neural crest cell migration

Cited by 33 publications

References 70 publications

Rhou maintains the epithelial architecture and facilitates differentiation of the foregut endoderm

Rhou maintains the epithelial architecture and facilitates differentiation of the foregut endoderm

The characteristics of vessel lining cells in normal spleens and their role in the pathobiology of myelofibrosis

Regulation and functions of RhoU and RhoV

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