Activity of two Streptococcus mutans bacteriocins in the presence of saliva, levan, and dextran

Delisle, Allan L.

doi:10.1128/iai.13.2.619-626.1976

Cited by 22 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…mutans were producing a bacteriocin, the insoluble EPS might render Strep. mitior less susceptible to its action (Rogers 1974), although conflicting evidence has been obtained on this point (Delisle 1976). Another effect of the insoluble EPS may be to provide protection against inhibitory acid (Donoghue & Newman 1976), thus increasing the proportion of Strep.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Nutrients upon Streptococcus mutans BHT and Streptococcus mitior LPA‐1 Growing in Pure or Mixed Culture on Human Teeth in an Artificial Mouth

Donoghue

Dibdin

Shellis

et al. 1980

Journal of Applied Bacteriology

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Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus mitior were both capable of colonizing the surfaces of human teeth in an artificial mouth. Although fermentable carbohydrate was not essential for colonization, highest numbers were recovered after 5 d if 5–0°***0 (w/v) sucrose had been available intermittently. When grown together in mixed culture the interaction of the two species was affected profoundly by the available nutrients. In the presence of synthetic saliva alone, Strep. mitior was strongly antagonistic to Strep. mutans. When a nutrient broth containing sucrose was also provided intermittently there was slight inhibition of Strep. mutans accompanied by an increase in the proportion of Strep. mitior in the plaque, although the former was the dominant organism under these conditions. When 0–5% (w/v) glucose replaced the sucrose, mutual antagonism occurred and fewer organisms were recovered than if only synthetic saliva had been available. One reason why a high‐sucrose diet encourages colonization by Strep. mutans may be that insoluble extracellular polysaccharide confers a competitive advantage upon it in the face of antagonistic agents such as the hydrogen peroxide produced by Strep. mitior.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Nutrients upon Streptococcus mutans BHT and Streptococcus mitior LPA‐1 Growing in Pure or Mixed Culture on Human Teeth in an Artificial Mouth

Donoghue

Dibdin

Shellis

et al. 1980

Journal of Applied Bacteriology

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“…Since bacteriocins are proteins and thus potentially susceptible to the action of proteases, they would be inactivated rapidly in situ by plaque proteases (20). However, according to others (6,12), many bacteriocin-like substances, although sensitive to trypsin, are only slightly affected by plaque proteases. A third objection was raised as a result of the observation that protection against bacteriocin action was induced in sensitive oral streptococci on growth in media containing sucrose (27,31), presumably as a consequence of the diffusion barrier provided by the extracellular polysaccharides formed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…FIG. 6. Total number of viable cells in preestablished S. mutans OMZ61s plaque alone (0) and after incubation with S. sanguis P3A3 added at the time indicated by the arrow (a).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacteriocins as Factors in the In Vitro Interaction Between Oral Streptococci in Plaque

1977

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The effect of bacteriocins on the composition of dental plaque flora was studied in vitro with bacterial plaque formed by oral streptococci on glass rods suspended in broth medium. Cell-free preparations containing mutacin SW31, a bacteriocin produced by Streptococcus mutans , killed sensitive cells present in the plaque selectively, but did not affect resistant cells. Similar preparations from a non-bacteriocinogenic mutant exerted only a slight effect. Mixed growth of bacteriocin-producing S. mutans SW31 with the sensitive S. sanguis Ny101 resulted in a nearly single-strain plaque of the former. Mutacin could be detected in the plaque substance as well as in the surrounding medium. A non-bacteriocinogenic mutant, which was shown not to be altered in functions affecting growth in plaque, allowed substantial growth of S. sanguis Ny101. Sequential inoculation of the bacteriocinogenic plaque former S. sanguis P3A3 and the sensitive S. mutans OMZ61 showed that the cells of the latter are killed rapidly in established plaques when inoculated with the bacteriocinogenic strain. A trypsin-sensitive antagonistic substance could be detected in the plaque, but not in the surrounding medium. The results indicate that bacteriocins can be active in plaque in vitro and suggest that bacteriocins could play a role in determining the composition of plaque in vivo.

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“…Kelstrup and Gibbons (10) also reported that saliva inactivated streptococcal bacteriocins, and they attributed this inactivation to proteolytic enzymes. In contrast, bacteriocins produced by S. mutans BHT and GS-5 were unaffected by human saliva (7).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Substances that interfere with action of viridin B, a Streptococcus mitis bacteriocin

Dajani¹,

Veres²,

Law³

1978

Infect Immun

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Several body fluids and various substances were examined for their effects on the action of viridin B, a Streptococcus mitis bacteriocin. Heme has been shown previously to interfere with viridin B action. In the present study, peroxidase and catalase, but not superoxide dismutase, interfered with the bacteriocin. Sulfhydryl-containing compounds had no effect. Trypsin, protease, and amylase exhibited interfering capacities. Of various body fluids tested, serum, saliva, and leukocyte lysate interfered with viridin B. The activity in leukocyte lysate was probably due to myeloperoxidase. Salivary activity was likely due to both peroxidase and amylase. Interfering activity in serum was neither complement dependent nor antibody mediated and was probably due to a combination of enzymatic activities. Temporal studies with these agents suggested more than one mechanism of interference with viridin B.

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Activity of two Streptococcus mutans bacteriocins in the presence of saliva, levan, and dextran

Cited by 22 publications

References 12 publications

Effect of Nutrients upon Streptococcus mutans BHT and Streptococcus mitior LPA‐1 Growing in Pure or Mixed Culture on Human Teeth in an Artificial Mouth

Effect of Nutrients upon Streptococcus mutans BHT and Streptococcus mitior LPA‐1 Growing in Pure or Mixed Culture on Human Teeth in an Artificial Mouth

Bacteriocins as Factors in the In Vitro Interaction Between Oral Streptococci in Plaque

Substances that interfere with action of viridin B, a Streptococcus mitis bacteriocin

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