Activity Patterns of Radio-Collared Black Bears in Idaho

Amstrup, Steven C.; Beecham, John

doi:10.2307/3800435

Cited by 168 publications

(65 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…American black bears are known to alter their activity and movements among seasons (Amstrup and Beecham 1976, Garshelis and Pelton 1981, Garshelis et al 1983, Bridges et al 2004. We also observed seasonal changes in daily activity rhythms, but the patterns we observed were different than previously reported.…”

Section: Temporal Effectscontrasting

confidence: 50%

Behavioral and physiological responses of American black bears to landscape features within an agricultural region

et al. 2015

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Abstract. Human activities and variation in habitat quality and configuration have been shown to influence space use patterns in many species, but few studies have documented the physiological responses of free-ranging animals to these factors. We combined remote biologger technology, capturing continuous heart rate values, with locational data from GPS collars to investigate the behavioral and physiological reactions of American black bears (Ursus americanus) to a landscape dominated by agriculture (52.5% areal cover). Our study occurred at the edge of the range of this species, with small, scattered patches of forest within a mosaic of crop fields and an extensive road network. However, only ;2-4% of the area contained crops that bears consumed (corn, sunflowers, oats). We used GPS locations to identify the habitat that bears occupied, and to estimate their rates of travel. Heart rates increased with movement rates, rising by over 30% from resting rate to their fastest travel speeds. We used a modeling approach to distinguish among factors that influenced heart rates independent of movement rates. Bears commonly crossed agricultural areas that provided no food or cover and their heart rates, elevated beyond what was expected from their movement rate, were indicative of a stress response. However, when bears entered agricultural areas composed of edible crops, many individuals showed reduced movement and slower heart rates, suggesting that bears foraging there felt at ease or crops allow bears to more easily forage due to their dense spatial arrangements. Unexpectedly, female bears elicited lower heart rates and lower levels of activity in the most fragmented patches of natural habitat, possibly a sign of humanavoidance behavior or a reaction related to crossing roads. During fall, as bears prepared for hibernation, their heart rates declined two weeks before their movements slackened, evidence that metabolism slowed to enhance fat accumulation; they also shifted to a nocturnal activity pattern, likely to reduce exertion during the heat of the day. The use of a physiological monitor provided new insights on bear biology and ecology that would not have otherwise been apparent.

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Section: Temporal Effectscontrasting

confidence: 50%

Behavioral and physiological responses of American black bears to landscape features within an agricultural region

et al. 2015

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“…Although natural predation on moose calves in the study area has not been intensively researched, potential predators occurring there include: black bear Ursus americanus and cougar Felis concolor. Amstrup and Beecham (1976) reported that in summer, black bear activity peaks were crepuscular and diurnal; van Dyke et at. (1986) reported that cougars were most active at night.…”

Section: Moose Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Forest cover selection and activity of cow moose in summer

Demarchi¹,

Bunnell²

1995

Acta Theriol.

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Mike W. Demarchi and Fred L. Bunnell 1995. Forest cover selection and activity of cow moose in summer. Acta Theriologica 40: 23-36.Although thermal cover receives attention from managers, variations in data regarding its use by ungulates hinders development of effective cover guidelines. We examined patterns of habitat selection and activity of radio-collared cow moose Alces alces Linnaeus, 1758 to determine if these 2 parameters were influenced by ambient thermal environment. Cow moose used sites with relatively denser forest canopies when conditions of heat stress existed in open areas. Use of open areas did not change with ambient temperature; some sites classed as open on forest cover maps, however, had willow canopies capable of providing thermal cover. An increase in the use of open sites from 11.00 to 24.00 hr corresponded to a simultaneous decrease in the likelihood of thermal stress in such areas; predator-avoidance was deemed unlikely to explain observed behaviour. Moose decreased activity and distance traveled between successive locations during hot periods. Summer thermal cover is a selected, manageable component of moose habitat in southern British

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“…Although several authors have stated or implied that polar bears do not wander at random over the polar ice cap, but are distributed in discrete populations (L@n@, 1970 Lentfer, 1974;Wilson, 1976), none have shown that polar bears have home ranges similar to those of grizzly bears (Pearson, 1975(Pearson, , 1976Craighead, 1976) and black bears (Piekielek and Burton, 1975;Amstrup and Beecham, 1976;Lindzey and Meslow, 1977). Since other bears and most mammals (Burt, 1943;Sanderson, 1966) display affinity for particular areas, it is likely that polar bears do as well.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Movement of Four Satellite-Monitored Polar Bears in Lancaster Sound, Northwest Territories

Schweinsburg¹,

Lee²

1982

ARCTIC

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ABSTRACT. Four female polar bears, fitted with satellite-monitored transmitters at Lancaster Sound, N.W.T. during May 1979, were tracked to determine seasonal distribution, movements relative to ice conditions, and home range. Most locations (68.7%, n = 46) of satellite-tracked bears were on landfast ice, 13.4% (n = 9) on old pack ice, 13.4% (n = 9) on land, 3.0% (n = 2) on bergy water, and 1.5% (n = I) on young pack ice. These observations support the conclusions of mark-recapture studies in the area, that landfast ice is favored until breakup when bears move onto land. Data from the satellite-tracked bears indicate that they had home ranges.Key words: polar bear, telemetry, satellite RÉSUMÉ. Une observation de quatre ours blancs pourvus de transmetteurs àrepérage par satellite fut effectuee au détroit de Lancaster, dans les T. N.-O., en mai 1979, afin de determiner leur distribution saisonniere, leurs mouvements par rapport aux conditions des glaces et leur domaine individuel. La plupart des localisations (68,7%, n = 46) des ours étaient sur la banquise côtiere, 13,4% (n = 9) sur de la vieille banquise, 13,4% (n=9) sur terre ferme, 3,0% ( n = 2 ) dans des eaux comblées d'icebergs et 13% (n= 1) sur de la jeune banquise. Ces observations appuient les conclusions des etudes par marquage et recapture dans la région selon lesquelles la banquise côtikre est favorisée jusqu'au déglacement, période à laquelle les ours se rendent sur terre ferme. Les données obtenues des ours suivis par satellite laissent savoir qu'ils se déplaçaient à l'intérieur de leurs domaines individuels.

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Activity Patterns of Radio-Collared Black Bears in Idaho

Cited by 168 publications

References 9 publications

Behavioral and physiological responses of American black bears to landscape features within an agricultural region

Behavioral and physiological responses of American black bears to landscape features within an agricultural region

Forest cover selection and activity of cow moose in summer

Movement of Four Satellite-Monitored Polar Bears in Lancaster Sound, Northwest Territories

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