Acuity card testing of retarded children

Visual impairment in adult people with intellectual disability: Literature review

“…If individuals with ID cannot name a picture by spoken or sign language, and cannot indicate a similar one presented in front of them (Figs 1 & 2), the preferential looking (PL) technique is used with either Teller gratings (Fig. 3; Teller 1979; Hertz 1987) or the Cardiff vanishing optotypes (Adoh et al 1992). In these instances, the examiner observes the fixation pattern of the subject and surmises that, when subjects fixate a stimulus, they are also seeing it.…”

Are Norms Based on the Original Teller Acuity Cards Appropriate for Use with the New Teller Acuity Cards II?

“…1,2 Initially, acuity cards were constructed of gray cardboard, with a grating that varied in spatial frequency from card to card mounted behind an aperture on one side of the card, and a high spatial frequency grating, composed of very fine black-and-white stripes, mounted behind an aperture on the other side of the card. 1,[3][4][5] After the initial success of the cards in clinical settings, [6][7][8][9] a commercially produced version of the acuity cards became available (Teller Acuity Cards™ [TAC], Vistech Consultants, Inc., Dayton, OH). The commercially produced acuity cards differed from the prototype cards in 3 important ways: (1) the patch of grating that varied from card to card was square, rather than circular, (2) the grating was printed on the card rather than being mounted behind an aperture, and (3) there was no welldefined, high spatial frequency "blank" target on the side of the card opposite the patch of grating.…”

Intraobserver Reliability of the Teller Acuity Card Procedure in Infants With Perinatal Complications

“…Testers in one study 1 were masked to spatial frequency but not necessarily to the side on which the grating appeared. Testers in other studies [6][7][8][9][10] were masked to the location of the gratings but not to their spatial frequency. Importantly, the combination of side masking and frequency masking that was used in the present study extends the earlier work by demonstrating reliable measurement in a complete absence of biased expectations.…”