Acupuncture and Heart Rate Variability: A Systems Level Approach to Understanding Mechanism

Anderson, Belinda; Nielsen, Arya; McKee, Diane; Jeffres, Anne; Kligler, Ben

doi:10.1016/j.explore.2011.12.002

Cited by 51 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…RMSSD is a time-domain index that reflects the activity of the cardiac parasympathetic system (Zahn et al, 2016). By contrast, the HF component is a frequency-domain index, mediated by the parasympathetic system (Anderson et al, 2012) and therefore is an indirect marker of the cardiac parasympathetic system (Billman, 2011). This may indicate that PC5 and PC6 electro-acupuncture was able to activate the cardiac parasympathetic nervous system.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…HRV indexes thus reflect the activity balance of the sympathetic and parasympathetic systems is that acupuncture activates the parasympathetic system, which leads to HR reduction (Wang et al, 2002, Litscher, 2010. In a review aimed to explore the mechanisms of acupuncture, Anderson et al (2012) has confirmed that despite varying research methods and the limitations of experimental conditions, acupuncture can increase HRV, which in turn indicates that acupuncture may reduce the incidence of cardiovascular disorders by balancing ANS activities.…”

Section: Robert Darwin In the Expression Of The Emotions In Man And Amentioning

confidence: 99%

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Electro-Acupuncture at Jianshi (Pc5) and Neiguan (Pc6) Alters Heart Rate Variability (Hrv) in Frightened Volunteers

Huang¹,

Zheng²,

Zhang³

et al. 2017

AJTCAM

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Background: Fear is one of the most widely studied emotions and is closely associated with the autonomic nervous system (ANS). Previous studies have proven that acupuncture directly impacts the ANS, influences the heart rate (HR) and the heart rate variability (HRV) and exerts other effects. The aim of this study was to explore the effect of Jianshi (PC5) and Neiguan (PC6) electro-acupuncture on HRV during fear-invoking auditory stimulation using an Actiheart ECG recorder. Materials and Methods:Two hundred healthy subjects were recruited. Using a random number table, subjects were grouped for exposure to fear-invoking auditory stimulation (n=40) or neutral auditory stimulation (n=40). After determining that our fear-invoking auditory stimulation produced the fear emotion, the other 120 subjects were similarly divided into an electro-acupuncture (EA group) and a control group that received PC5 and PC6 electro-acupuncture or no intervention. Results:The fear score of the fear-invoking auditory group was significantly higher than that of the neutral auditory group. The EA group showed higher SD, RMSSD, and high frequency (HF) components of HRV than those of the control group. Conclusion:The primary result suggests that PC5 and PC6 electro-acupuncture affects cardiac autonomic neural regulation, mainly via the parasympathetic system, in subjects exposed to fear-invoking auditory stimulation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Robert Darwin In the Expression Of The Emotions In Man And Amentioning

confidence: 99%

Electro-Acupuncture at Jianshi (Pc5) and Neiguan (Pc6) Alters Heart Rate Variability (Hrv) in Frightened Volunteers

Huang¹,

Zheng²,

Zhang³

et al. 2017

AJTCAM

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“…Accordingly, our results showed that the HF component of HRV was consistently higher during stimulation in the HT7 verum acupuncture group than in the other three groups. HF is mediated by the cardiac parasympathetic nerves 3 and is therefore an indirect marker of cardiac parasympathetic regulation. 18 Therefore, the effect of acupuncture at HT7 may be mediated by cardiac parasympathetic activation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Acupuncture at Ht7 on Heart Rate Variability: An Exploratory Study

et al. 2015

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Objective To explore the effect of acupuncture at HT7 on heart rate variability (HRV) in healthy volunteers. Methods 120 subjects were divided into four groups using a random number table. The following groups of acupuncture interventions were used: HT7 verum acupuncture; HT7 nonpenetrating sham acupuncture; acupuncture at a sham point; and no acupuncture. HRV was recorded 10 min before, during and after each stimulation using an Actiheart ECG recorder. Results The HT7 verum acupuncture group had higher very-low frequency, low frequency and high frequency components of HRV compared with the control groups during but not after acupuncture. The HT7 verum acupuncture group also had higher SD of normal intervals compared with the sham needling and no acupuncture control groups. Conclusions Our preliminary study suggests, subject to limitations, that acupuncture at HT7 could affect cardiac autonomic neural regulation in healthy subjects, manifest as increased HRV, most likely via the parasympathetic system. Trial registration number ChiCTR-TRC-08000302.

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“…To avoid simply feeling the warmth of the acupuncturist's hand, wooden boards were mounted on top of the Veliusator (Figure 4). In yet another set of experiments, we are investigating whether an objectively measurable parameter such as the heart rate variability [37] changes from touching the needle inserted at PC6.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Introduction of two novel devices for investigating the influence of non-mechanical components such as therapeutic qi in acupuncture

Hochstrasser¹,

Endler²,

Klein

2013

Journal of Integrative Medicine

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OBJECTIVE:Acupuncture is a complex intervention consisting of specific and non-specific components. Acupuncture studies more frequently focus on collecting data from the patients' perspective and response, but the acupuncturist's role remains relatively unclear. In order to investigate potential non-mechanical active factors originating from the acupuncturist and transmitted to the patient during treatment, two novel devices for basic research in acupuncture were designed. The Acuplicator allows the researcher to insert needles without touching the needles themselves, while the Veliusator locks the needle in its place so that no mechanical movement can be transferred. METHODS:The Acuplicator was used to insert needles at Neiguan (PC6) on the right forearm of 23 volunteers. The insertion depth was measured using a depth gauge. The transfer of mechanical movements from the handle to the tip was detected with a precision length gauge with a motoric-tactile sensor. RESULTS: The mean insertion depth was (12.3 ± 1.5) mm (range 9.5 to 15.0 mm). Even with intense manipulation of the needle handle, no movements within ± 1 μm could be detected at the tip when the needle was locked. CONCLUSION: With these two devices it will be possible to investigate the influence of nonmechanical components such as therapeutic qi in acupuncture.

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Acupuncture and Heart Rate Variability: A Systems Level Approach to Understanding Mechanism

Cited by 51 publications

References 54 publications

Electro-Acupuncture at Jianshi (Pc5) and Neiguan (Pc6) Alters Heart Rate Variability (Hrv) in Frightened Volunteers

Electro-Acupuncture at Jianshi (Pc5) and Neiguan (Pc6) Alters Heart Rate Variability (Hrv) in Frightened Volunteers

Effect of Acupuncture at Ht7 on Heart Rate Variability: An Exploratory Study

Introduction of two novel devices for investigating the influence of non-mechanical components such as therapeutic qi in acupuncture

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