Acupuncture inhibits autophagy and repairs synapses by activating the mTOR pathway in Parkinson’s disease depression model rats

Ning, Baile; Wang, Zhifang; Wu, Qian; Deng, Qianchun; Yang, Qing; Gao, Jing; Fu, Wen; Deng, Ying; Wu, Bingxin; Huang, Xichang; Mei, Jilin; Fu, Wenbin

doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2023.148320

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…Electroacupuncture has been used to treat PSD for years but its mechanism is not fully elucidated (23,34,35). The current dominant mechanisms of effect include regulating monoamine neurotransmitters and receptors (36) such as 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) (31, 37), norepinephrine (NE) (38) and dopamine (DA) (39); modulating amino acid neurotransmitters such as glutamate (40); inhibiting the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPA) (41) to improve neuroendocrine dysfunction; enhancing the expression of brainderived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) (42)to inhibit hippocampal neurons apoptosis (43); reducing oxidative stress and neuroapoptosis (44); changing intestinal microbiota (45), regulating mitochondrial homeostasis (46), etc.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electroacupuncture versus Escitalopram for mild to moderate Post-Stroke Depression: A randomized non-inferiority trial

Ma,

Cao,

et al. 2024

Front. Psychiatry

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ObjectiveTo explore the efficacy of electroacupuncture in treating post-stroke depression (PSD) by modulating the inflammatory response pathway.MethodsOne hundred and fifty participants with mild or moderate PSD were randomly divided into 75 cases each in the electroacupuncture group (EA group) and escitalopram group (ESC group). In the EA group, 30 sessions of electroacupuncture were performed on the Baihui (GV 20), Yintang (GV 29), and the ipsilateral Taichong (LR 3) and Hegu (LI 4), simultaneous oral placebo for 40 days. The ESC group received oral escitalopram oxalate tablets 10mg to 20mg for 40 days, plus 30 sessions of sham electroacupuncture. The effectiveness of the treatment was evaluated by the Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD-17), Self-Depression Scale (SDS), Modified Barthel Index Score (MBI), and the serum levels of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α, and INF-γ.ResultsThere was no statistically significant difference in the baseline data, HAMD-17, SDS, MBI scores, and serum IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α, and INF-γ levels between the two groups of participants before the intervention (P >0.05). After treatment, HAMD-17 and SDS scores continued to decrease and MBI scores continued to increase in both groups. The differences were statistically significant at the 6th week and baseline, the 10th week and baseline, and the 10th week and the 6th week (all P <0.001). The differences in HAMD-17, SDS, and MBI scores between the two groups at the 6th week were not statistically significant (P=0.110, 0.115, 0.516, respectively); HAMD-17 scores and SDS scores in the EA group were lower than those in the ESC group at the 10th week, and the differences were statistically significant (P=0.002,0.026, respectively). In the 6th week, the serum levels of pro-inflammatory factors such as IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, and INF-γ were significantly lower in both groups compared with the baseline, while the level of anti-inflammatory factor IL-10 was significantly higher. The difference between the pre-and post-intervention intra-group comparisons was statistically significant (P <0.001), and the difference between the inter-group comparisons was not statistically significant (P >0.05). No serious adverse events occurred throughout the trial. Both therapies could safely and effectively improve HAMD-17, SDS, and MBI scores and modulate neuroinflammatory responses in PSD participants. After the treatment was stopped, some parameters were better in the EA group than the ESC group in a short time.ConclusionElectroacupuncture is an effective, alternative to escitalopram for the treatment of mild-to-moderate PSD.Clinical trial registrationChinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR2300072576).

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electroacupuncture versus Escitalopram for mild to moderate Post-Stroke Depression: A randomized non-inferiority trial

Ma,

Cao,

et al. 2024

Front. Psychiatry

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“…In the rat PD model, Sun's study reported that EA reduced the abnormally elevated acetylcholine (ACh) and Glu in the lesioned side of the striatum, and the Glu level was correlated with the survival ratios of dopaminergic neurons in the SNpc and behavioral improvement (Sun et al, 2012). In Ning's study (Ning et al, 2023), EA alleviated motor and depressive symptoms. At the same time, EA reversed the decreased 5-HT and DA content in the midbrain of PD rats, attenuated the increased α-syn, activated the mTOR pathway, and inhibited autophagy in the striatum (Table 1; Figure 2).…”

Section: The Impact Of Acupuncture On the Serotonergic Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

The mechanistic effects of acupuncture in rodent neurodegenerative disease models: a literature review

Li,

Deng,

Jiang

et al. 2024

Front. Neurosci.

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Neurodegenerative diseases refer to a battery of medical conditions that affect the survival and function of neurons in the brain, which are mainly presented with progressive loss of cognitive and/or motor function. Acupuncture showed benign effects in improving neurological deficits, especially on movement and cognitive function impairment. Here, we reviewed the therapeutic mechanisms of acupuncture at the neural circuit level in movement and cognition disorders, summarizing the influence of acupuncture in the dopaminergic system, glutamatergic system, γ-amino butyric acid-ergic (GABAergic) system, serotonergic system, cholinergic system, and glial cells at the circuit and synaptic levels. These findings can provide targets for clinical treatment and perspectives for further studies.

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“…The different inclusion criteria and the broader definition of acupuncture therapies in the first meta-analysis may explain the different findings. Mechanistically, it has been recently revealed that acupuncture may alleviate depressive behavior in rat models of PD, possibly by upregulating the mTOR pathway, suppressing autophagy, increasing dopamine levels, reducing alpha-synuclein content, and enhancing the expression of synaptic proteins [ 140 ]. Hence, acupuncture may represent an effective complementary treatment approach for PD depression; although, the optimal methods and techniques for this population need further investigation.…”

Section: Non-pharmacological Treatments For Depression In Pdmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmacological and Non-Pharmacological Treatments for Depression in Parkinson’s Disease: An Updated Review

et al. 2023

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Depression represents one of the most common non-motor disorders in Parkinson’s disease (PD) and it has been related to worse life quality, higher levels of disability, and cognitive impairment, thereby majorly affecting not only the patients but also their caregivers. Available pharmacological therapeutic options for depression in PD mainly include selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors, and tricyclic antidepressants; meanwhile, agents acting on dopaminergic pathways used for motor symptoms, such as levodopa, dopaminergic agonists, and monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B) inhibitors, may also provide beneficial antidepressant effects. Recently, there is a growing interest in non-pharmacological interventions, including cognitive behavioral therapy; physical exercise, including dance and mind–body exercises, such as yoga, tai chi, and qigong; acupuncture; therapeutic massage; music therapy; active therapy; repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS); and electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) for refractory cases. However, the optimal treatment approach for PD depression is uncertain, its management may be challenging, and definite guidelines are also lacking. It is still unclear which of these interventions is the most appropriate and for which PD stage under which circumstances. Herein, we aim to provide an updated comprehensive review of both pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatments for depression in PD, focusing on recent clinical trials, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses. Finally, we discuss the pharmacological agents that are currently under investigation at a clinical level, as well as future approaches based on the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying the onset of depression in PD.

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Acupuncture inhibits autophagy and repairs synapses by activating the mTOR pathway in Parkinson’s disease depression model rats

Cited by 7 publications

References 51 publications

Electroacupuncture versus Escitalopram for mild to moderate Post-Stroke Depression: A randomized non-inferiority trial

Electroacupuncture versus Escitalopram for mild to moderate Post-Stroke Depression: A randomized non-inferiority trial

The mechanistic effects of acupuncture in rodent neurodegenerative disease models: a literature review

Pharmacological and Non-Pharmacological Treatments for Depression in Parkinson’s Disease: An Updated Review

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