Acute Activation of Circulating Polymorphonuclear Neutrophils Following In Vivo Administration of Cocaine

Baldwin, Gayle Cocita; Buckley, Dawn M.; Roth, Michael D.; Kleerup, Eric C.; Tashkin, Donald P.

doi:10.1378/chest.111.3.698

Cited by 52 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Nos pulmões, a cocaína prejudica a função dos macrófagos alveolares e a produção de citocinas, que pode resultar em imunossupressão e complicações infecciosas 38 . Ativação de polimorfonucleares, resultando em súbita atividade inflamatória, pode ocorrer 39 . Inalações sustentadas podem provocar pneumotórax e pneumomediastino e estar associadas à diminuição da capacidade de difusão pulmonar, possivelmente pelo efeito vasoconstritor nos capilares pulmonares 12 .…”

Section: Anestesiaunclassified

“…Inalações sustentadas podem provocar pneumotórax e pneumomediastino e estar associadas à diminuição da capacidade de difusão pulmonar, possivelmente pelo efeito vasoconstritor nos capilares pulmonares 12 . O edema pulmonar não cardiogênico, por toxicidade endotelial com aumento da permeabilidade celular, pode ocorrer 34,35,39 , e o aumento da resistência vascular pode causar insuficiência ventricular esquerda aguda, resultando em edema pulmonar cardiogênico 2 . Dentre as complicações gastrintestinais do usuário de cocaína está a isquemia aguda, secundária à intensa vasoconstrição arterial e à redução no fluxo sangüíneo por estimulação de receptores α-adrenérgicos que pode resultar em úlcera duodenal e perfuração, usualmente três dias após o uso da cocaína.…”

Section: Anestesiaunclassified

“…In the lungs, cocaine impairs the function of alveolar macrophages and the production of cytokines, which might result in immunosuppression and infectious complications 38 . The activation of polymorphonuclear cells, resulting in sudden inflammation, might also occur 39 . Sustained inhalation might cause pneumothorax and pneumomediastinum, and could be associated with a reduction in pulmonary diffusion, possibly due to the vasoconstriction of pulmonary capillaries 12 .…”

Section: Anesthesiamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sustained inhalation might cause pneumothorax and pneumomediastinum, and could be associated with a reduction in pulmonary diffusion, possibly due to the vasoconstriction of pulmonary capillaries 12 . Noncardiogenic pulmonary edema due to endothelial toxicity, with increased cellular permeability, might occur 34,35,39 and the increase in vascular resistance might cause acute left ventricular failure, resulting in cardiogenic pulmonary edema 2 . Among the gastrointestinal complications in cocaine users are acute ischemia secondary to severe arterial vasoconstriction and reduction in blood flow secondary to the stimulation of α-adrenergic receptors, which could lead to duodenal ulcer and perforation, usually three days after the exposure to the drug.…”

Section: Anesthesiamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Anestesia no paciente usuário de cocaína

Luft

Mendes

2007

Rev. Bras. Anestesiol.

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RESUMOLuft A, Mendes FF -Anestesia no Paciente Usuário de Cocaína. JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS:A cocaína é a droga ilícita mais freqüentemente associada a óbitos, e suas implicações perioperatórias nos pacientes agudamente intoxicados ou com história de uso crônico precisam ser bem conhecidas pelos anestesiologistas. O conhecimento da neurofisiologia, da farmacologia e das conseqüências fisiopatológicas decorrentes do uso da cocaína poderá facilitar o cuidado desses pacientes. O objetivo deste trabalho foi revisar as informações sobre a cocaína e suas interações com a anestesia. CONTEÚDO:O artigo discute a farmacologia da cocaína, as conseqüências fisiopatológicas decorrentes do seu uso e as interações com a anestesia. CONCLUSÕES:A compreensão e o reconhecimento precoce das complicações associadas ao uso de cocaína são essenciais para o manuseio adequado de pacientes usuários desta droga. O anestesiologista deve estar preparado, pois tanto as anestesias regionais quanto a geral apresentam riscos significativos nesses pacientes. Unitermos: COMPLICAÇÕES: drogas ilícitas; DROGAS: cocaína. SUMMARYLuft A, Mendes FF -Anesthesia in Cocaine Users. BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:Cocaine is the illicit drug most frequently associated with death, and the anesthesiologist should be aware of the perioperative complications of this drug in patients with acute intoxication or with a history of chronic use. The knowledge of the neurophysiology, pharmacology, and physiopathological consequences of cocaine abuse may facilitate the care of these patients. The objective of this work was to review the information on cocaine and its interactions with anesthesia.CONTENTS: This paper discusses the pharmacology, physiopathological consequences of cocaine use, and its interactions with anesthesia. CONCLUSIONS:The knowledge and early recognition of the complications associated with the use of cocaine are essential for the adequate management of cocaine users. The anesthesiologist should be prepared because both regional and general anesthesia carry significant risks in those patients.

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Section: Anestesiaunclassified

Section: Anesthesiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Anesthesiamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Anestesia no paciente usuário de cocaína

Luft

Mendes

2007

Rev. Bras. Anestesiol.

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“…The pulmonary complications of inhaled cocaine are characterised by lesions of the alveolar wall and of the pulmonary microcirculation [10][11][12]. Shortterm exposure to cocaine may enhance the production of interleukin-8, a potent polymorphonuclear chemoattractant and neutrophil-activating factor, associated with both acute and chronic lung injury [12].…”

Section: To the Editorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strategies to increase the lung donors' pool

Hantson¹

2004

Eur Respir J

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The lungs as anatomical reservoirs of HIV infection

Costiniuk

Jenabian

2013

Rev. Med. Virol.

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Failure of antiretroviral therapy to eradicate HIV, even in individuals who suppress the virus to undetectable levels, is a consequence of persistent infection in latently infected cells and within anatomical reservoirs. Support for the notion that the lungs are distinct anatomical reservoirs of HIV comes from a spectrum of studies that have documented different levels of HIV within the lungs compared with the peripheral blood. Different HIV variants have also been found within these two compartments, including variants with distinct antiretroviral resistance mutations. Given that macrophages are long-lived cellular reservoirs of HIV because of their resistance to apoptosis, HIV can persist for prolonged periods within alveolar macrophages that are abundant within the lungs. Furthermore, the large number of cells in close proximity within the lungs provides fertile grounds for cell-to-cell spread of HIV. Distinct immunological pressures in the lungs compared with the peripheral blood likely account for differences in HIV levels within these two compartments in addition to the finding of different variants within these regions. Furthermore, coinfections and tobacco may serve as local stimuli to induce further HIV replication within the lungs. Herein, we review the evidence supporting the notion that lungs are important reservoirs of HIV infection, and we discuss various factors influencing HIV burden within these reservoirs.

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Acute Activation of Circulating Polymorphonuclear Neutrophils Following In Vivo Administration of Cocaine

Cited by 52 publications

References 27 publications

Anestesia no paciente usuário de cocaína

Anestesia no paciente usuário de cocaína

Strategies to increase the lung donors' pool

The lungs as anatomical reservoirs of HIV infection

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