Acute and chronic brucellosis eleven-year audit from a tertiary hospital in Armenia

Sargsyan, Lilit; Davtyan, Karapet; Hann, Katrina; Gasparyan, S S; Davidyants, Vladimir; Vladimir, Shekoyan; Poghosyan, G.A.; Petrosyan, Diana

doi:10.3855/jidc.10934

Cited by 9 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…This finding reflects the higher endemic rate of brucellosis in Iğdır, situated in the East Anatolia region of Türkiye, where we conducted our study. Iğdır is strategically one of the most important cities in the region, as it is the second city with the highest incidence of brucellosis in Türkiye and is bordered by the brucellosis-endemic countries of Armenia, Iran, and Nakhchivan (5)(6)(7)(8).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The average incidence of brucellosis in Türkiye was reported as 7.9/100,000 in 2017, but it is much higher in the East and Southeast Anatolia regions ( 5 ). Iğdır is the easternmost city of Türkiye and borders Armenia, Iran, and Nakhchivan countries, where Brucella infection is endemic ( 6 - 8 ). Iğdır, one of the most important cities in the region due to its strategic location, is the city with the second highest incidence of brucellosis in Türkiye.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Brucellar Epididymo-Orchitis in a Brucellosis Hyperendemic Region in Türkiye

Öztürk-Çerik,

Mustafa Özbek,

Altıntas-Öner

et al. 2023

Infect Dis Clin Microbiol

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Objective Brucellosis is one of the most prevalent zoonoses worldwide and is endemic in Türkiye. It is a multisystemic infection that can affect various organ systems. Epididymo-orchitis is the most common form of genitourinary involvement. This study aimed to evaluate the incidence, clinical characteristics, laboratory values, and treatment outcomes of brucellar epididymo-orchitis (BEO) in the East Anatolian region, where brucellosis is hyperendemic. Materials and Methods This study was conducted between January 1, 2018, and April 30, 2019. All male patients diagnosed with brucellosis at the infectious disease clinic were evaluated for epididymo-orchitis according to clinical findings (testicular pain, swelling, erythema). In addition, to identify BEO patients, all epididymo-orchitis cases admitted to the urology outpatient clinic according to the study protocol were referred to the infectious diseases clinic for Brucella infection. Patients were enrolled prospectively, and data were analyzed retrospectively. Results Brucella infection was diagnosed in 326 patients during the study period, of whom 208 (63.8%) were male. Brucellar epididymo-orchitis was diagnosed in 18 patients at the end of sixteen months. The incidence of epididymo-orchitis in patients with Brucella infection was 8.7%. The mean age of the patients was 36.9±11.5 years. The majority of patients had occupational animal contact (83.3%) and consumption of fresh cheese made from raw milk (55.5%). Acute brucellosis was diagnosed in 17 (94.4%) patients; all patients presented with scrotal pain and swelling. Unilateral epididymo-orchitis was observed in 16 (88.8%) patients. Most patients (88.3%) applied to outpatient clinics other than infectious diseases, especially the urology clinic (77.7%).Double or triple combined treatments with aminoglycoside/doxycycline/rifampicin were given to the patients. Hydrocelectomy was performed in three patients, orchiectomy in one patient, and relapse was seen in one patient. Conclusion Brucella infection should be considered in patients presenting with epididymo-orchitis in endemic regions. Awareness of brucellosis by urologists will ensure that the disease is diagnosed without complications.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Brucellar Epididymo-Orchitis in a Brucellosis Hyperendemic Region in Türkiye

Öztürk-Çerik,

Mustafa Özbek,

Altıntas-Öner

et al. 2023

Infect Dis Clin Microbiol

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“…Diagnostic delays of HB will cause the infection to change from acute to chronic (6). When HB diagnostic delays occur, unavailable timely treatment will increase the risk of chronicity and complication (7), resulting in more extended treatment, worse prognosis, and heavier financial burdens (8).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors Associated With Diagnostic Delays in Human Brucellosis in Tongliao City, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China

Zhai

Peng

Wang

et al. 2021

Front. Public Health

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The diagnostic delays pose a huge challenge to human brucellosis (HB), which increases the risk of chronicity and complications with a heavy disease burden. This study aimed to quantify and identify the associated factors in the diagnostic delays to its prevention, reduction, and elimination. This study analyzed risk factors associated with the diagnostic delays in a cross-sectional study with data collected from Tongliao City, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region of China. Diagnostic delays were defined with a cutoff of 30, 60, and 90 days. In different delay groups, risk factors of diagnostic delays were analyzed by univariate analysis and modeled by multivariate logistic regression analysis. A total of 14,506 cases were collected between January 1, 2005, and December 31, 2017, of which the median diagnostic delays was 29 days [interquartile range (IQR): 14–54 days]. Logistic regression analysis indicated that the older age category was associated with longer diagnostic delays across all groups. Longer diagnostic delays increase with age among three delay groups (p for trend <0.001). Occupation as herdsman was associated with shorter diagnostic delays in group 1 with 30 days [adjusted odds ratio (aOR), 0.890 (95% CI 0.804–0.986)]. Diagnostic delays was shorter in patients with brucellosis who were reported in CDC in all delay groups [aOR 0.738 (95% CI 0.690–0.790), 0.539 (95% CI 0.497–0.586), and 0.559 (95% CI 0.504–0.621)]. Pastoral/agricultural area was associated with shorter diagnostic delays in group 1 with 30 days [aOR, 0.889 (95%CI 0.831–0.951)] and group 3 with 90 days [aOR, 0.806 (95%CI 0.727–0.893)]. Stratified analysis showed that the older age category was associated with an increased risk of a long delay in both genders (p < 0.05). The older age group-to-youth group OR increased along with increased delay time (p for trend <0.001). Furthermore, the pastoral/agricultural area was associated with a shorter delay in males (p < 0.05). Delays exist in the diagnosis of HB. We should pay great attention to the risk factors of diagnostic delays, such as older population, non-herdsman, non-pastoral/agricultural area, non-disease prevention, and control agencies. Effective measures should shorten the diagnostic delays, achieve early detection, diagnosis, and treatment, and reduce the risk of HB's chronicity, complications, and economic burden.

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