Acute and Chronic Effects of Flavonoid-Rich Chocolate on Endothelial Function in Patients With Chronic Heart Failure: 1A.05

Flammer, Andreas J.; Sudano, Isabella; Wolfrum, Mathias; Thomas, Rachel; Enseleit, Frank; Périat, Daniel; Tf, Lüscher; Ruschitzka, Frank; Noll, Georg; Corti, Roberto

doi:10.1097/01.hjh.0000378240.06072.2c

Cited by 2 publications

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“…Hypertension is frequently associated with a prothrombotic state with increased platelet thrombogenecity [43]. Previous studies of platelet aggregation after consumption of high flavanol chocolate and cocoa have ascribed anti-platelet effects to flavanols [13][14][15][16][17][18]. However, many of these studies were poorly controlled using low flavanol placebo products devoid of theobromine [14][15][16][17][18].…”

Section: Platelet Aggregationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is frequently linked to deterioration in vascular function, increased prevalence of proinflammatory changes, raised blood pressure, dyslipidaemia, and platelet thrombogenicity. These are all changes that cocoa flavanols may modulate [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18]. Here, HFDC tended to lower SBP and improved vascular function, compared to LFDC, but the effects generally failed to reach significance.…”

Section: Overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nevertheless this indicates greater salbutamol-induced vasodilatation after HFDC. Based on previous studies and results described here, flavanols have only a modest effect on blood pressure, despite improving endothelium-dependent vasodilator responses (flow-mediated dilatation or salbutamol) [7][8][9][10][11][12][13], and reducing vascular stiffness (assessed by pulse wave velocity) [39,40]. These actions may have particular relevance for preventing cardiovascular aging, as reduced endotheliumdependent vasodilatation is associated with increased risk of hypertension in elderly subjects [41,42].…”

Section: Pulse Wave Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of high flavanol dark chocolate on cardiovascular function and platelet aggregation

Rull

Zain

Shiel

et al. 2015

Vascular Pharmacology

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Regular consumption of chocolate and cocoa products has been linked to reduced cardiovascular mortality. This study compared the effects of high flavanol dark chocolate (HFDC; 1064mg flavanols/day for 6 weeks) and low flavanol dark chocolate (LFDC; 88mg flavanols/day for 6 weeks) on blood pressure, heart rate, vascular function and platelet aggregation in men with pre-hypertension or mild hypertension. Vascular function was assessed by pulse wave analysis using radial artery applanation tonometry in combination with inhaled salbutamol (0.4 mg) to assess changes due to endothelium-dependent vasodilatation. HFDC did not significantly reduce blood pressure compared to baseline or LFDC. Heart rate was increased by LFDC compared to baseline, but not by HFDC. Vascular responses to salbutamol tended to be greater after HFDC. Platelet aggregation induced by collagen or the thromboxane analogue U46619 was unchanged after LFDC or HFDC, whereas both chocolates reduced responses to ADP and the thrombin receptor activator peptide, SFLLRNamide (TRAP6), relative to baseline. Pre-incubation of platelets with theobromine also attenuated platelet aggregation induced by ADP or TRAP6. We conclude that consumption of HFDC confers modest improvements in cardiovascular function. Platelet aggregation is modulated by a flavanol-independent mechanism that is likely due to theobromine.

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