Acute and chronic effects of aluminum on acetyl-CoA and acetylcholine metabolism in differentiated and nondifferentiated SN56 cholinergic cells

Does neurotransmission impairment accompany aluminium neurotoxicity?

“…The effect of aluminium on acetylcholinesterase has been studied either in vivo or in vitro (i.e. [114,116,120,123,125,145,158,[206][207][208][209][210][211][212][213][214][215][216][217][218][219][220][221][222][223]), and both, stimulatory and inhibitory, effects have been reported.…”

“…The metabolism of neurotransmitters, as indicated by neurotransmitter content and activities of specific enzymes TCA extract of the brain [214] no effect [145,282] Fronto-parietal cortex [93] VIP no effect [93] Ach, acetylcholine; Bw, body weight; GABA, c-aminobutyric acid; 5-HT, 5-hydroxytryptamine; I.C.V., intracerebroventricular; I.G., intragastric; I.P., intraperitoneal; TCA, trichloroacetic acid; TD max , maximal tolerated dose; Ts, tissue; VIP, vasoactive intestinal polypeptide. ACh, acetylcholine; AMT, 2-amino-5,6-dihydro-6-methyl-4H-1,3-thiazine hydrochloride (inhibitor of the neuronal nitric-oxide synthase); a.p.p., all period of pregnancy; a.v.d.i.d.w., average daily intake in drinking water; Bw, body weight; CMC, carboxyl-methyl cellulose; Dw, dry weight; E max , maximal effect; GABA, c-aminobutyric acid; I.C.V., intracerebroventricular; I.P., intraperitoneal; S.C., subcutaneous.…”

“…In cholinergic nerve terminals, aluminium leads to severe impairment of the quantal transmitter pool [143][144][145]. However, the mechanism of action is not completely understood.…”

Comparative effects of aluminum and ouabain on synaptosomal choline uptake, acetylcholine release and (Na+/K+)ATPase

“…Likewise in vivo, aluminum in vitro produces significant alterations in cholinergic activity. Decreases of acetyl-coenzyme A levels (i.e., Bielarczyk et al, 1998;Szutowicz et al, 1998Szutowicz et al, , 2000Jankowska et al, 2000), choline acetyltransferase (i.e., Yates et al, 1980;Kosik et al, 1983;Julka et al, 1995;Szutowicz et al, 2000) and acetylcholinesterase (i.e., Marquis and Black, 1984;Julka et al, 1995;Sarin et al, 1997;Kaizer et al, 2005;Gong et al, 2006) have been observed after in vivo and in vitro exposure to aluminum. Other researchers reported no change in these enzyme activities or even stimulation (i.e., Marquis and Black, 1984;Kaizer et al, 2005).…”

Effect of LIF-withdrawal on acetylcholine synthesis in the embryonic stem cell line CGR8 is not mediated by STAT3, PI3Ks or cAMP/PKA pathways

“…Thus, for example, forskolin enhanced choline acetyltransferase activity and ACh synthesis in the spinal cord cell line NSC-19 [12]. Moreover, in the neuronal cell line SN56.B5.G4, created by fusing a neuroblastoma cell with murine neurons, cAMP enhanced the ACh content [13]. In the case of CGR8 cells and non-neuronal ACh the opposite effect should occur, if PKA is involved in the enhanced ACh synthesis.…”