Acute and Chronic Exercise Effects on Human Memory: What We Know and Where to Go from Here

Loprinzi, Paul D.; Roig, Marc; Etnier, Jennifer L.; Tomporowski, Phillip D.; Voss, Michelle W.

doi:10.3390/jcm10214812

Cited by 23 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 119 publications

(169 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…It is important to note that acute exercise paradigms are ideally suited to understand the temporal interactions between exercise and phases of memory. In particular, looking at the effects of exercise before the encoding phase and the incorporation of retrieval shortly after suggests these effects may be more specific to encoding mechanisms (Loprinzi et al, 2021). However, to truly disentangle these effects from storage/consolidation, a study that specifically compares pre-encoding versus post-encoding interventions (between the encoding and test phase) would be needed.…”

Section: Post-exercise Improvementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of acute aerobic exercise on mnemonic discrimination performance in older adults

Callow

Pena

Stark

et al. 2022

J Int Neuropsychol Soc

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objectives: Ample evidence suggests exercise is beneficial for hippocampal function. Furthermore, a single session of aerobic exercise provides immediate benefits to mnemonic discrimination performance, a highly hippocampal-specific memory process, in healthy younger adults. However, it is unknown if a single session of aerobic exercise alters mnemonic discrimination in older adults, who generally exhibit greater hippocampal deterioration and deficits in mnemonic discrimination performance. Methods: We conducted a within subject acute exercise study in 30 cognitively healthy and physically active older adults who underwent baseline testing and then completed two experimental visits in which they performed a mnemonic discrimination task before and after either 30 min of cycling exercise or 30 min of seated rest. Linear mixed-effects analyses were conducted in which condition order and age were controlled, time (pre vs. post) and condition (exercise vs. rest) were modeled as fixed effects, and subject as a random effect. Results: No significant time by condition interaction effect was found for object recognition (p = .254, η2=.01), while a significant reduction in interference was found for mnemonic discrimination performance following the exercise condition (p = .012, η2=.07). A post-intervention only analysis indicated that there was no difference between condition for object recognition (p = .186, η2=.06), but that participants had better mnemonic discrimination performance (p < .001, η2=.22) following the exercise. Conclusions: Our results suggest a single session of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise may reduce interference and elicit better mnemonic discrimination performance in healthy older adults, suggesting benefits for hippocampal-specific memory function.

show abstract

Section: Post-exercise Improvementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of acute aerobic exercise on mnemonic discrimination performance in older adults

Callow

Pena

Stark

et al. 2022

J Int Neuropsychol Soc

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…However, one has to consider that there are few studies that have used exercise durations outside of these ranges, especially on the lower end, and that little is known regarding the moderating mechanisms related to exercise duration. Finally, it seems that benefits from acute exercise were more frequent when exercise type was cycling compared to other forms of exercise (mainly running) [121] , [122] . Although some studies, performed with children and adolescents, have argued that cognitive engaging exercises could have a greater impact on cognition [15] , [123] , [124] , adult studies have found contradictory results [125] – [127] .…”

Section: Acute Effects Of Exercise On Cognitive Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Can exercise shape your brain? A review of aerobic exercise effects on cognitive function and neuro-physiological underpinning mechanisms

Ferrer-Uris

Ramos

Busquets

et al. 2022

AIMSN

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

<abstract> <p>It is widely accepted that physical exercise can be used as a tool for the prevention and treatment of various diseases or disorders. In addition, in the recent years, exercise has also been successfully used to enhance people's cognition. There is a large amount of research that has supported the benefits of physical exercise on human cognition, both in children and adults. Among these studies, some have focused on the acute or transitory effects of exercise on cognition, while others have focused on the effects of regular physical exercise. However, the relation between exercise and cognition is complex and we still have limited knowledge about the moderators and mechanisms underlying this relation. Most of human studies have focused on the behavioral aspects of exercise-effects on cognition, while animal studies have deepened in its possible neuro-physiological mechanisms. Even so, thanks to advances in neuroimaging techniques, there is a growing body of evidence that provides valuable information regarding these mechanisms in the human population. This review aims to analyze the effects of regular and acute aerobic exercise on cognition. The exercise-cognition relationship will be reviewed both from the behavioral perspective and from the neurophysiological mechanisms. The effects of exercise on animals, adult humans, and infant humans will be analyzed separately. Finally, physical exercise intervention programs aiming to increase cognitive performance in scholar and workplace environments will be reviewed.</p> </abstract>

show abstract

“…In the human literature, the most prominent effects of both acute and chronic exercise have been demonstrated in mood and executive functions dependent on the prefrontal cortex, such as attention, working memory, cognitive flexibility, and inhibitory control (Chang et al, 2012 ; Basso and Suzuki, 2017 ; Loprinzi et al, 2021 ). Recent findings have also shown evidence of exercise-induced improvements in hippocampal-dependent function including high-interference memory (Déry et al, 2013 ; Heisz et al, 2017 ; Suwabe et al, 2017a ; Bernstein and McNally, 2019 ) and recognition memory (Whiteman et al, 2014 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Examining the Effect of Increased Aerobic Exercise in Moderately Fit Adults on Psychological State and Cognitive Function

Basso

Oberlin

Satyal

et al. 2022

Front. Hum. Neurosci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Regular physical exercise can decrease the risk for obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease, increase life expectancy, and promote psychological health and neurocognitive functioning. Cross-sectional studies show that cardiorespiratory fitness level (VO2 max) is associated with enhanced brain health, including improved mood state and heightened cognitive performance. Interventional studies are consistent with these cross-sectional studies, but most have focused on low-fit populations. Few such studies have asked if increasing levels of physical activity in moderately fit people can significantly enhance mood, motivation, and cognition. Therefore, the current study investigated the effects of increasing aerobic exercise in moderately fit individuals on psychological state and cognitive performance. We randomly assigned moderately fit healthy adults, 25–59 years of age, who were engaged in one or two aerobic exercise sessions per week to either maintain their exercise regimen (n = 41) or increase their exercise regimen (i.e., 4–7 aerobic workouts per week; n = 39) for a duration of 3 months. Both before and after the intervention, we assessed aerobic capacity using a modified cardiorespiratory fitness test, and hippocampal functioning via various neuropsychological assessments including a spatial navigation task and the Mnemonic Similarity Task as well as self-reported measures including the Positive and Negative Affect Scale, Beck Anxiety Inventory, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, Perceived Stress Scale, Rumination Scale, Eating Disorders Examination, Eating Attitudes Test, Body Attitudes Test, and Behavioral Regulation of Exercise Questionnaire. Consistent with our initial working hypotheses, we found that increasing exercise significantly decreased measures of negative affect, including fear, sadness, guilt, and hostility, as well as improved body image. Further, we found that the total number of workouts was significantly associated with improved spatial navigation abilities and body image as well as reduced anxiety, general negative affect, fear, sadness, hostility, rumination, and disordered eating. In addition, increases in fitness levels were significantly associated with improved episodic memory and exercise motivation as well as decreased stress and disordered eating. Our findings are some of the first to indicate that in middle-aged moderately-fit adults, continuing to increase exercise levels in an already ongoing fitness regimen is associated with additional benefits for both psychological and cognitive health.

show abstract

Acute and Chronic Exercise Effects on Human Memory: What We Know and Where to Go from Here

Abstract: Although the acquisition, storage, and retrieval of memories was once thought to happen within a single memory system with multiple processes operating on it, it is now believed that memory is comprised of both distinct and interacting brain systems [...]

Cited by 23 publications

References 119 publications

Effects of acute aerobic exercise on mnemonic discrimination performance in older adults

Effects of acute aerobic exercise on mnemonic discrimination performance in older adults

Can exercise shape your brain? A review of aerobic exercise effects on cognitive function and neuro-physiological underpinning mechanisms

Examining the Effect of Increased Aerobic Exercise in Moderately Fit Adults on Psychological State and Cognitive Function

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About