Acute and Cytotoxicity Studies of Aqueous and Ethanolic Leaf Extracts of Chromolaena odorata

Asomugha, Rose Ngozi; Ezejiofor, Anthoneth Ndidi; Okafor, P.N.; Ijeh, Ifeoma I.

doi:10.3923/pjbs.2015.46.49

Cited by 21 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…High ash content of these plants is actually a measure of the mineral richness 4% crude fiber and 16.2% crude protein. The reported data was in accordance with the present research findings[30]. The proximate analysis of the C. sativa plant parts separately and reported 6.87 % moisture, 11.18% ash, 23.78% crude proteins and 18.95% crude fiber in the leaf.The proximate analysis of four medicinal plants[32] including M. longifolia and reported the highest crude protein value of 7.49% and 2.34% of crude fat in M. longifolia[22] which were in complete accordance with present data while moisture content was lower than present results.…”

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confidence: 92%

Proximate composition, phytochemical analysis and antioxidant capacity of Aloe vera, Cannabis sativa and Mentha longifolia

Waris

Hussain

Khan

et al. 2018

PAB

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Plants, miracle of nature, are able to synthesize hundreds of chemical compounds for various metabolic functions. Numerous phytochemicals (secondary metabolites) with potential biological activity have been identified in most of the plant species. In order to determine the proximate composition, phytochemical analysis and antioxidant capacity of three well known selected plants species, a study was carried out during June 2016 in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Peshawar. The plants under study were Aloe vera Linn (leaves), Cannabis sativa Linn (whole plant) and Mentha longifolia Linn (whole plant) in PCSIR Labs Complex Peshawar. The results from proximate analysis indicated that the plants contained crude protein in the range 0.447 to 0.953%, crude fiber ranged from 12.33 to 28.47 % and crude fat in the range of 5.87 to 14.86%. Furthermore, analysis showed the presences of important phytochemicals such as tannins, flavonoids, alkaloids, glycosides and saponins in the investigated species. Antioxidant activity of the selected plants by DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical) scavenging assay and using ascorbic acid as a standard indicated that Cannabis sativa and Aloe vera has the strongest and nearly the same activity with IC50353µg/ml. These plants can be used as herbal products.

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supporting

confidence: 92%

Proximate composition, phytochemical analysis and antioxidant capacity of Aloe vera, Cannabis sativa and Mentha longifolia

Waris

Hussain

Khan

et al. 2018

PAB

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“…Asomugha et al, 32 extracted C. odorata leaves from Nigeria with water and ethanol (1:10 w/v) for 24 h. The cytotoxicity to brine shrimp showed LC 50 values of 324 and 392 ppm for aqueous and ethanol extracts, respectively. Olowa and Nuneza 33 extracted 20 g of C. odorata leaves from the Philippines with 250 ml of ethanol for 48 h. The brine shrimp lethality concentration LC 50 value was 10 ppm.…”

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confidence: 99%

Artemia salina Lethality and Histopathological Studies of Siam Weed, Chromolaena odorata

Sirinthipaporn

Jiraungkoorskul

2017

JNR

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Siam weed, Chromolaena odorata, leaves, stem, and root were extracted with aqueous and ethanol solvents within 1, 3, 5 and 24 hours. The extractions were determined amount of total phenolic compound using Folin-Ciocalteu reagent. The extract that showed the highest amount of total phenolic compound was used for evaluating the cytotoxicity test against Artemia salina at varying concentrations as 0, 50, 500, 5,000 and 50,000 ppm. The cytotoxicity data were determined the median and 90% lethal concentration, LC50 and LC90, respectively, within 24 hours. The result revealed that the highest amount of total phenolic compound was 198.02+3.96 mg of gallic acid equivalent per gram of aqueous leaf extraction in 24 h. Therefore, the 24-hour aqueous extract of C. odorata leaf expressed the 24-h LC50 and LC90 values in A. salina were 43, 551 and 78,391 ppm, respectively. The lesions were observed in intestinal parts such as edema, deformation or elongation of the enterocytes, blebbing cells, and pyknotic cells.

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“…The reduction in body weight of the test groups of the rats after administration of Chromolaena odorata (linn) fresh leaf extract (Table 4), is justified by Kewuchi et al, 36 who reported a reduction of weight gain produced by the administration of the plant extract. The plant has been reported to be rich in phytochemicals such as flavonoids, terpenes and tannins; and essential oils 16,37,38 . The phytochemical contents of this plant could be responsible for the weight loss in the test animals in this study.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hypoglycemic and Lipid Lowering Effect of Aqueous Fresh Leaf Extract of Chromolaena Odorata (Linn) in Albino Wistar Rats Fed Different Concentrations of Cholesterol Enriched Diet

Idoko

Vpo

et al. 2018

UJPR

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Objectives: High lipids and carbohydrate have been seriously implicated to cardiovascular problems, which has led to several uses of medicinal plants for traditional remedies. The present study investigated the lipid lowering activity of fresh leaf extract of Chromolaena odorata in Albino wistar rats. Methods: Twenty (20) rats used for the study were grouped into four groups of five (5) rats each. Group I served as normal control, group II, III and IV served as test groups, fed 75, 108 and 148 g of cholesterol enriched diet for one week and thereafter, administered with 50, 100 and 150 mg/kg body weight of fresh leaf extract of Chromolaena odorata respectively for four (4) days. Lipid profile and blood glucose were assayed at fed state and after administration. Results showed a significant (p<0.05) increase in total cholesterol, triacylglycerol, low density lipoprotein, blood glucose concentration and body weight compared with control group in fed state. Results: Administration with fresh leaf extract of Chromolaena odorata showed a significant (p<0.05) increase in high density lipoprotein, significant (p<0.05) decrease in blood glucose concentration, low density lipoproteins, triacylglycerol, total cholesterol and body weight of rats. The oral treatment with 50, 100 and 150 mg/kg body weight of the fresh leaf extract of this study demonstrated a general hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic activity not necessary a dose dependent pattern. Conclusion: It may therefore be concluded that the hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic activity of Chromolaena odorata taken freshly squeezed could be due to its phytochemical and antioxidants content.

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Acute and Cytotoxicity Studies of Aqueous and Ethanolic Leaf Extracts of Chromolaena odorata

Cited by 21 publications

References 6 publications

Proximate composition, phytochemical analysis and antioxidant capacity of Aloe vera, Cannabis sativa and Mentha longifolia

Proximate composition, phytochemical analysis and antioxidant capacity of Aloe vera, Cannabis sativa and Mentha longifolia

<I>Artemia salina</I> Lethality and Histopathological Studies of Siam Weed, <I>Chromolaena odorata</I>

Hypoglycemic and Lipid Lowering Effect of Aqueous Fresh Leaf Extract of Chromolaena Odorata (Linn) in Albino Wistar Rats Fed Different Concentrations of Cholesterol Enriched Diet

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