Acute and Sub-Chronic Toxicity Studies of the Aqueous Ethanol Leaf Extract of Pavonia senegalensis (Cav.) Liestner in Wistar Rats

Abstract

with semi-prostrate to ascending branches, up to 1.25 m. Stems somewhat angular with harsh stellate hairs. Leaves suborbicular in outline, angular to shallowly lobed; lower surface densely stellatehairy. Stipules up to 10 mm, filiform. Flowers solitary in the leaf axils, up to 8 cm in diameter sulphur-yellow with a maroon centre. Epicalyx bracts 12-16, narrowly linear, usually shorter than the calyx lobes. 5 The roots are put into cold water to draw and the infusion is taken as a remedy for diarrhoea in South and East Africa 6. The powdered seed is taken with milk and used as a contraceptive in Sokoto Northwest Nigeria. 7 The infusion of the roots is used in antenatal care for general wellbeing in Katsina Northwest Nigeria. 8 The water-extract of the leaf is used in Zaria Northwest Nigeria to treat wounds and bone infections. 9 In Botswana cold-water infusion of the dry roots is taken to induce labour, particularly if the onset has been delayed. 4 Due to the importance of toxicity studies of medicines and standardized herbal remedy discovery and development, the aqueous ethanol leaf extract of P. senegalensis was investigated in this study for its acute and sub-chronic toxicological effects.

Subacute Oral Toxicity Studies of Pankajakasthuri Orthoherb Tablets Formulated for Managing Pain and Inflammation of Joints

“…In addition to this, evaluating the biochemical parameters of blood and exploring toxic effects on vital organs, especially the liver and the kidneys, in experimental animals may deliver useful data concerning the mode of toxicity of the test agents (Yamthe et al, 2012). Hence, the clinical biochemistry parameters of the treatment as well as recovery groups were linked with the particular control groups to know whether the study drug was inducing any kind of toxicity or not.…”

Pharmacognostic studies of Pavonia senegalensis (cav.) Liestner (malvaceae) leaf

“…Previous studies carried out on the leaves of the P. senegalensis to evaluate the ethnobotanical use of the plant in our laboratory showed that the aqueous ethanol extract of the leaves is non-toxic when given orally over a short period (acute toxicity) but the sub-chronic (28 days) toxicity study showed that the extract is nephrotoxic and non-significantly hepatotoxic in rats (Shehu et al, 2019a). The hydro-alcoholic leaf extract and fractions (n-hexane, ethyl acetate and n-butanol fractions) of the plant were shown to be effective against both acute and chronic inflammation in a dose related manner in rats (Shehu et al, 2019b). The alcoholic extract of the leaves of the plant was shown to be bacteriostatic against S. aureus, E. coli, P. aeruginosa, S. typi, S. pyrogens and Vancomycin resistant enterococci (VRE) (Shehu et al, 2021).…”

“…The hydro-alcoholic leaf extract and fractions (n-hexane, ethyl acetate and n-butanol fractions) of the plant were shown to be effective against both acute and chronic inflammation in a dose related manner in rats (Shehu et al, 2019b). The alcoholic extract of the leaves of the plant was shown to be bacteriostatic against S. aureus, E. coli, P. aeruginosa, S. typi, S. pyrogens and Vancomycin resistant enterococci (VRE) (Shehu et al, 2021).…”