Acute and subacute toxicity and chemical constituents of the hydroethanolic extract of Verbena litoralis Kunth

Lima, Rachel de; Guex, Camille Gaube; Silva, Andreia Regina Haas da; Lhamas, Cibele Lima; Moreira, Karen Luise dos Santos; Casoti, Rosana; Dornelles, Rafaela Castro; Rocha, Maria Izabel de Ugalde Marques da; Veiga, Marcelo Leite da; Bauermann, Liliane de Freitas; Manfron, Melânia Palermo

doi:10.1016/j.jep.2018.05.012

Cited by 25 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Cynaroside is a flavonoid compound that is commonly found in honeysuckle ( Hu et al, 2015 ). Recent studies have shown that cynaroside is absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract, has an antioxidant effect, inhibits the oxidation of lipids and proteins ( Chen and Kang, 2014 ; Chang et al, 2016 ; de Lima et al, 2018 ; Grzegorczyk-Karolak et al, 2015 ), reduces cholesterol in atherosclerosis, and enhances capillary relaxation. In recent years, plant-derived bioactive compounds, such as saponins, have been considered potential alternatives to traditional antibiotics used as growth promoters in ruminant production ( Benchaar et al, 2008 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi-Omics Reveals That the Rumen Transcriptome, Microbiome, and Its Metabolome Co-regulate Cold Season Adaptability of Tibetan Sheep

Liu

Sha

et al. 2022

Front. Microbiol.

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Tibetan sheep can maintain a normal life and reproduce in harsh environments under extreme cold and lack of nutrition. However, the molecular and metabolic mechanisms underlying the adaptability of Tibetan sheep during the cold season are still unclear. Hence, we conducted a comprehensive analysis of rumen epithelial morphology, epithelial transcriptomics, microbiology and metabolomics in a Tibetan sheep model. The results showed that morphological structure of rumen epithelium of Tibetan sheep in cold season had adaptive changes. Transcriptomics analysis showed that the differential genes were primarily enriched in the PPAR signaling pathway (ko03320), legionellosis (ko05134), phagosome (ko04145), arginine and proline metabolism (ko00330), and metabolism of xenobiotics by cytochrome P450 (ko00980). Unique differential metabolites were identified in cold season, such as cynaroside A, sanguisorbin B and tryptophyl-valine, which were mainly enriched in arachidonic acid metabolism, arachidonic acid metabolism and linolenic acid metabolism pathways, and had certain correlation with microorganisms. Integrated transcriptome-metabolome-microbiome analysis showed that epithelial gene-GSTM3 expression was upregulated in the metabolism of xenobiotics by the cytochrome P450 pathway during the cold season, leading to the downregulation of some harmful metabolites; TLR5 gene expression was upregulated and CD14 gene expression was downregulated in the legionellosis pathway during the cold season. This study comprehensively described the interaction mechanism between the rumen host and microbes and their metabolites in grazing Tibetan sheep during the cold season. Rumen epithelial genes, microbiota and metabolites act together in some key pathways related to cold season adaptation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi-Omics Reveals That the Rumen Transcriptome, Microbiome, and Its Metabolome Co-regulate Cold Season Adaptability of Tibetan Sheep

Liu

Sha

et al. 2022

Front. Microbiol.

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“…Therefore, in the present experiment, we further evaluated the influence of QT extracts on the activities of antioxidant enzymes GSH, CAT, and SOD in liver tissue. No significant changes of antioxidant enzyme activities in the liver tissue were observed in any animal, probably indicating that antioxidant/oxidant system homeostasis is balanced in subacute‐toxicity evaluation [51].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Acute and Subacute Toxicity of Two Different Extracts from Que Zui Tea in Rats

Wang

Njateng

Zhao

et al. 2021

eFood

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The buds of Vaccinium dunalianum Wight (VD) are widely used in Yunnan as herbal tea [Que Zui Tea (QT)] and herb. However, the security and toxicity of QT have not been determined yet. The aim of this study is to evaluate the acute and subacute-toxicity of hot water (QTW) and aqueous-ethanol (QTE) extracts of QT. Acute-toxicity studies of QTW and QTE revealed no signs of related to treatment, indicating that median-lethal-dose (LD 50 ) values of QTW and QTE is surpass 5000 mg/kg. The results of subacutetoxicity studies of QTW and QTE showed no significant side reaction of all doses the two extracts. The levels of Lymphocyte (LYM) and percentage of lymphocytes (LYM%) significantly decreased, and percentage of granulocytes (GRA%) increased in rats that received these two extracts at doses greater than 1250 mg/kg/day. However, the 1250 and 2500 mg/kg/day QTW and QTE did not trigger any pathological changes in body weight or organ tissue, so partial changes in blood parameters were considered as minor symptoms. Therefore, the present results demonstrated that the two extracts are safe at 2500 mg/kg/day or at lower doses.

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“…Cynaroside is a flavonoid compound that is commonly found in honeysuckle [41]. Recent studies have shown that cynaroside is absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract, has an antioxidant effect, inhibits the oxidation of lipids and proteins [42][43][44][45], reduces cholesterol in atherosclerosis, and enhances capillary relaxation. In recent years, plant-derived bioactive compounds, such as saponins, have been considered potential alternatives to traditional antibiotics used as growth promoters in ruminant production [46].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Rumen Microbiome and Its Metabolome Together With the Host Transcriptome Act to Regulate the Cold Season Adaptation Mechanism of Grazing Tibetan Sheep

Liu

Sha

et al. 2021

Preprint

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BackgroundTibetan sheep are important ruminants on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. They can maintain a normal life and reproduce in harsh environments under extreme cold and low oxygen. However, the molecular and metabolic mechanisms underlying the adaptability of Tibetan sheep during the cold season are still unclear. Hence, we conducted a comprehensive analysis of rumen epithelial morphology, epithelial transcriptomics, microbiology and metabolomics in a Tibetan sheep model to understand the interaction between the rumen host and microbiota and their metabolites and to explore the potential regulatory mechanism of Tibetan sheep adaptability to the cold season of the plateau. ResultsMorphological analysis showed that the ruminal muscle layer thickness and nipple width of Tibetan sheep increased significantly during the cold season ( P <0.05), and the thickness of the stratum corneum, stratum granulosa and stratum spinous of the rumen epithelium increased significantly ( P <0.05). Transcriptomics analysis showed that the differential genes were primarily enriched in the PPAR signaling pathway (ko03320), legionellosis (ko05134), phagosome (ko04145), arginine and proline metabolism (ko00330), and metabolism of xenobiotics by cytochrome P450 (ko00980). Unique differential metabolites were identified in cold season, such as cynaroside A, sanguisorbin B and tryptophyl-valine, which were mainly enriched in arachidonic acid metabolism, arachidonic acid metabolism and linolenic acid metabolism pathways, and had certain correlation with microorganisms. Integrated transcriptome-metabolome-microbiome analysis showed that epithelial gene- GSTM3 expression was upregulated in the metabolism of xenobiotics by the cytochrome P450 pathway during the cold season, leading to the downregulation of some harmful metabolites; TLR5 gene expression was upregulated and CD14 gene expression was downregulated in the legionellosis pathway during the cold season. A large number of metabolites, such as glucosidic acid and vitamin A, were produced in the steroid hormone biosynthesis and retinol metabolism pathways. ConclusionThis study comprehensively described the interaction mechanism between the rumen host and microbes and their metabolites in grazing Tibetan sheep during the cold season. Under the stimulation of the cold plateau environment, the morphological structure of the rumen epithelium of Tibetan sheep undergoes adaptive changes. Rumen epithelial genes, microbiota and metabolites act together in some key pathways related to cold season adaptation.

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Acute and subacute toxicity and chemical constituents of the hydroethanolic extract of Verbena litoralis Kunth

Cited by 25 publications

References 33 publications

Multi-Omics Reveals That the Rumen Transcriptome, Microbiome, and Its Metabolome Co-regulate Cold Season Adaptability of Tibetan Sheep

Multi-Omics Reveals That the Rumen Transcriptome, Microbiome, and Its Metabolome Co-regulate Cold Season Adaptability of Tibetan Sheep

Evaluation of Acute and Subacute Toxicity of Two Different Extracts from Que Zui Tea in Rats

The Rumen Microbiome and Its Metabolome Together With the Host Transcriptome Act to Regulate the Cold Season Adaptation Mechanism of Grazing Tibetan Sheep

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