Acute and subacute toxicity assessment of an aqueous extract of Crotalaria retusa (Fabaceae) in Swiss mice and Wistar rats

Abstract

The present study is a contribution to the enhancement of Ivorian traditional medicine, by carrying out bio-tolerance tests of an aqueous extract of the aerial parts of Crotalaria retusa (EACr) in mice and rats according to the guidelines of the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) 423 and 407, respectively. The doses of 2000 and 5000 mg/kg of body weight (BW) of the extract were used for acute toxicity. For subacute toxicity which lasted 28 days, doses of 500, 1000, and 2000 mg/kg BW have been used. The administration of the single doses of 2000 and 5000 mg/kg BW of EACr did not provoke death in female mice in the acute toxicity setting. For subacute toxicity in rats (male and female), the administration of repetitive doses of 500, 1000, and 2000 mg/kg BW of EACr over a period of 28 days did not cause death in these animals. In females, these doses caused weight loss and a decrease in platelets. The extract reduced the activity of AST in both sexes of rats. The findings also showed that this extract would possess a nephroprotective property in male and female rats.
 Keywords: Crotalaria retusa, Acute and subacute toxicities, Wistar rat, Swiss mice

Hypoglycaemic Effects of an Aqueous Leaves Extract of Combretum micranthum in Normoglycaemic Rats

“…These results are similar to those obtained with many medicinal plants in the African pharmacopoeia, such as Crotalaria retusa L (Fabaceae) [9], Parkia biglobosa (Mimosaceae), [10] Annona senegalensis (Annonaceae) and Hallea senegalensis (Rubiacaceae) [11].…”

Acute and subacute toxicities of an aqueous leaves extract of Ceiba pentadra (bombacaceae), a antihypertensive plant, and its ethanolic fraction in wistar rats

“…According to the OECD globally harmonised classification system, the aqueous leaves extract of Ceiba pentandra and its fraction can be classified in category 5 and considered to be non-toxic by the oral route. This absence of toxicity by gavage is also observed with other plant extracts from the traditional African pharmacopoeia, such as the aqueous of fresh leaves extract of Cymbopogon citratus (Poaceae) [9] , the acetic extract of Morinda morindoides (Rubiaceae) [10] and the aqueous extract of the whole plant of Crotalaria retusa (Fabaceae) [11] . These authors have shown that these different extracts have LD50 values greater than 5000 mg/kg B.W.…”

Study of the Subacute Toxicity of Dry Bark of Albizia ferruginea (Mimosaceae) (Guill. &Perr.) Berth. in Wistar Albino Rats

“…Similarly, no significant change was observed in the weight of the investigated organs (liver, lungs, kidneys and heart), suggesting that the daily administration of our extract for 28 days at doses studied, had no effect on their normal growth. The relative weight of the organs is considered to be a relatively sensitive indicator in the toxicity study [20].…”