Acute and Subchronic Oral Toxicity Evaluation of Aqueous Root Extract of Dicoma anomala Sond. in Wistar Rats

Abstract

The present study evaluated the safety of aqueous root extract of Dicoma anomala (AQRED) through acute and subchronic toxicity studies. Single oral dose of AQRED at the concentration of 0, 5, 300, and 2000 mg/kg as well as 125, 250, and 500 mg/kg/day was administered to rats for 14-day acute and 90-day subchronic oral toxicity studies. The results revealed no mortalities or observed clinical signs of toxicity in all the rats during both investigation periods. In subchronic toxicity testing, administration of AQRED also did not cause any changes in body weight as well as food and water consumption patterns. The haematological parameters and blood chemistry revealed no significant difference (p > 0.05) between the treatment and the control except in platelet count, alkaline phosphatase, and sodium levels where there was a significant increase (p < 0.05), although there was also a significant reduction (p < 0.05) in alanine transaminase, aspartate transaminase, and creatinine when compared to control. However, these changes were not reflecting the results from histology. Conclusively, the obtained results suggested that the LD50 of AQRED is in excess of 2000 mg/kg and its oral administration for 90 days revealed that it is unlikely to be toxic, hence, safe.

An exploratory analysis on the toxicity & safety profile of Polyherbal combination of curcumin, quercetin and rutin

“…All animals were remarked for clinical sign, behavioural changes and other different parameters like body weight, urinations, food and water intake, respiration, convulsion, tremor, constipations and changes in colors of eye and skin, at different time interval from 30 min, 1, 2, 4, to 6 h after dosing and twice a day thereafter for the 14-day experimental period. The body weights of all animals were recorded at initially to dosing and on days 1, 3, 5, 7, and 14 once dosing by using a digital balance (Sartorious Co., Germany) [39].…”

Mechanisms of Antidiabetic Activity of Methanolic Extract of Punica granatum Leaves in Nicotinamide/Streptozotocin-Induced Type 2 Diabetes in Rats

“…After that, MEPGL was administered via oral route; a single dose of different concentrations (5, 50, 300, and 2000 mg/kg p.o.) to determine the safe doses based on a stepwise procedure [ 54 ]. These rats were continually monitored for 1 h, repeatedly for 4 h, and at 24 h for common signs of toxicity.…”

Phytochemical Screening, Acute and Sub-chronic Toxicity Studies of Aqueous Stem Bark Extract of Ficus polita

“…Neither mortality nor weight loss occurred. In screening drugs, determination of LD 50 Haematological indices provide physiological information on the blood picture and the reticuloendothelial system [34], and are therefore used in the diagnosis of diseases and evaluation of the toxic effects of exogenous compounds including plant extracts and drugs [35]. RBC, PCV and haemoglobin are associated with the total population of the red cells, while MCV, MCH, and MCHC are related to individual RBC.…”

“…Increase or decrease in the levels of electrolytes within serum may be a consequence of the hypo or hyper functioning of the concerned organ or tissue. Sodium, potassium, and chloride are examples of clinical electrolytes used in assessing kidney function [50]. Sodium is the major cation of the extracellular fluid where it regulates acid-base equilibrium and protects the body against excessive fluid loss.…”