Acute Antibody-Mediated Rejection Following Heart Transplantation

Uber, Walter E.; Self, Sally; Bakel, Adrian B. Van; Pereira, Naveen L.

doi:10.1111/j.1600-6143.2007.01900.x

Cited by 86 publications

(66 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…This compound is commonly used for the treatment of various cancers and is an immunosuppressant in organ transplantation, rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, multiple sclerosis, and other benign diseases (16). The reactive metabolites of CP chemically alkylate DNA and protein and produce cross-links, which are responsible for its cytotoxic effect (17).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protective Effects of the Hydroalcoholic Extract of Capparis spinosa L. Against Cyclophosphamide-Induced Nephrotoxicity in Mice

Kalantar

Goudarzi

Khodayar

et al. 2016

Jundishapur J Nat Pharm Prod

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Background: Cyclophosphamide (CP) is one of the most popular alkylating anticancer drugs despite its toxic side effects, including nephrotoxicity, hematotoxicity, mutagenicity, and immunotoxicity. Capparis spinosa is a multipurpose plant that contains a number of chemically active and diverse secondary metabolites, particularly flavonoids. Rutin and quercetin are two major flavonoids in the caper plant. Objectives: This study was undertaken to investigate the protective effect of Capparis spinosa L. extract on nephrotoxicity induced by cyclophosphamide in mice. Methods: In this experimental study, 40 male Swiss albino mice (20 -25 g) were randomly divided into five groups with each group consisting of eight mice. Mice were pretreated with C. spinosa extract (CSE) orally in doses of 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg for five consecutive days, and CP (200 mg/kg, ip) was administrated on the fifth day 1 hour after the last dose of extract. The animals were sacrificed on the sixth day. Blood samples were collected to determine the serum creatinine (Cr) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels. The malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione (GSH) levels were assayed in kidney tissue. The right kidney was maintained in 10% formalin for hematoxylin and eosin staining and histological examination. Results: Different plant parts (fruit, leaves, and petals) were examined for antioxidant activity by 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl assay, and leaf extract was used to determine nephroprotective effects. Results showed a significant increase in the levels of MDA, Cr, and BUN and a reduction of GSH by CP administration. Pre-treatment with CSE decreased the levels of MDA, Cr, and BUN. GSH increased in all doses, but the most significant alteration was observed in the doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg (P < 0.05). The nephroprotective effect of the CSE was confirmed by the histological examination of the kidneys. Conclusions: Our results indicate that CSE ameliorates biochemical indices and oxidative stress parameters against CP-induced nephrotoxicity.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protective Effects of the Hydroalcoholic Extract of Capparis spinosa L. Against Cyclophosphamide-Induced Nephrotoxicity in Mice

Kalantar

Goudarzi

Khodayar

et al. 2016

Jundishapur J Nat Pharm Prod

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show abstract

“…12,13 Due to its extensive use in clinics, it possesses occupational exposure to the health care professionals. 14 Fukushima et al reported that many alkylating agents; chemotherapeutic drugs have been found to produce infertility as a result of impaired sperm production.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Histological and immunohistochemical study of cyclophosphamide effect on adult rat testis

et al. 2017

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Background: Nowadays, cyclophosphamide is widely used as anticancer and immunosuppressive agent in various drug regimens in many diseases and in young and old age. The aim of this research is to study the possible histological changes that may occur in the testes of adult male albino rats as a result of chronic exposure to cyclophosphamide and the prognosis of this effect.Methods: Thirty healthy adult male albino rats were used in this study. They were equally divided into three groups; a control, an experimental and a withdrawal groups. The Animals of the experimental group were treated with daily dose of 5 mg/ kg cyclophosphamide orally for successive 28 days. Animals of the withdrawal group were left without treatment and sacrificed after 28 days from the last dose of cyclophosphamide. At the time of sacrifice, all animals were anesthetized by ether inhalation and their testes were dissected out carefully and processed for light and electron microscope examinations. Results: Testes of the cyclophosphamide treated group revealed presence of many distorted shrunken seminiferous tubules which appeared with marked reduction in the thickness of the epithelium and wide lumina. Many germ cells with deeply stained nuclei, giant cells in mitosis and intracellular vacuoles were observed. Cross sections in mid pieces of sperms showed marked affection of axoneme, fibrous sheath and mitochondrial sheath. The cytoplasm of the Leydig cells contained mitochondria, dilated SER, Golgi cisternae and RER. Testes of the withdrawal group showed that the seminiferous tubules still had reduced height of their epithelium with wide intercellular spaces. Abnormal stratification and destructed germinal epithelium were evident with desquamated germ cells. Cross sections of mid pieces of the sperms showed distorted axoneme and swollen mitochondrial sheath. The cytoplasm of leydig cells contained many electron dense granules, RER, many dilated SER and mitochondria.Conclusions: Chronic cyclophosphamide treatment not only produced serious histological changes of the testis but also in its serological parameter. These changes persisted after cessation of cyclophosphamide administration which indicates the cumulative irreversible toxic effect of cyclophosphamide. So, it is advisable to avoid the usage of cyclophosphamide as possible especially in young patients.

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“…Corticosteroids or antilymphocyte antibodies are not sufficiently effective; it is necessary to eliminate the antibodies present in blood and prevent their further formation (10). The available elimination methods are plasmapheresis and immunoadsorption (11,12), both of which were successfully used in our patients.…”

Section: Original Articlementioning

confidence: 99%

Experience with cellular and antibody mediated rejection after heart transplantation

Málek¹,

GazdicÂ²,

Hegarová³

et al. 2015

Curr Res Cardiol

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ObjECTIvEs: To evaluate celluar and antibody mediated rejection in a group of patients after heart transplantation (HTX), performed in the authors' institution during a six-year period. METHOd: A retrospective analysis of patients surviving ≥12 months after HTX was performed. Rejection was evaluated from the samples obtained during endomyocardial biopsy, and graft function was assessed using echocardiography. The duration of follow-up ranged from 12 to 72 months. REsulTs:In the 196 patients evaluated, 65 treated episodes of cellular rejection were recorded in 50 patients, with significant reduction on tacrolimus prophylaxis. Antibody mediated rejection occured in 5.6% of patients, and was complicated by graft dysfunction in 64%. COnClusIOn: Contemporary immunosuppressive prophylaxis decreases the frequency of cellular rejection, allowing modification of endomyocardial biopsy schedule. Antibody mediated rejection is a relatively rare but clinically important complication after HTX, and necessitates combined agressive therapy.

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Acute Antibody-Mediated Rejection Following Heart Transplantation

Cited by 86 publications

References 49 publications

Protective Effects of the Hydroalcoholic Extract of Capparis spinosa L. Against Cyclophosphamide-Induced Nephrotoxicity in Mice

Protective Effects of the Hydroalcoholic Extract of Capparis spinosa L. Against Cyclophosphamide-Induced Nephrotoxicity in Mice

Histological and immunohistochemical study of cyclophosphamide effect on adult rat testis

Experience with cellular and antibody mediated rejection after heart transplantation

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