“…The obtained substances may prove useful in the development of new pharmaceutically active substances [ 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 ] and may be synthesized by the Ugi reaction ( Figure 1 ). Examples include protease inhibitors (Telaprevir, Crixivan, Indavir—against HIV) or kainic anesthetics (lidocaine, bupivacaine) [ 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 ]. They can be used successfully in the treatment of bacterial infections, viral diseases, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, osteoporosis, and neoplasms, with the use of calpain inhibitors and the proteasome-inhibiting drug Bortezomib ( Figure 1 ) [ 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 ,…”