Acute Blood Transfusion Reactions in Pregnancy, an Observational Study from North Eastern Nigeria

Abstract

Blood transfusion is one of the key interventions in emergency obstetrics care and is known to save lives, however complications do occur. Pregnancy has certain peculiarities, which includes physiological changes, development of antigens against red cells, leucocytes and platelets. History of previous transfusion is common in pregnancy. The aim of this study is to find the incidence, presentations, types and risk factors for developing acute transfusions reaction in pregnancy. Materials and methods: Retrospective study of all blood transfusions in pregnancy between January to December 2012 at Federal Medical Centre Azare, Nigeria. Results: 1602 pregnant women received blood transfusion out of 15213, given a transfusion rate of 10.5% the mean age and parity were 28.3 ± 4.2 years and 6 ± 1 respectively. Acute reactions were found in 26.3%. Non heamolytic febrile reaction accounts for 47.7%. Allergic uticaria account for 24.5%. There was a significant relationship between stored blood and transfusion reactions, similarly, significant relationship was found between previous history of transfusion and transfusion reactions, but no difference was found between rise and full cross match and uncross match but ABO compatible blood in developing transfusion reactions. Conclusions: As blood transfusion alternatives are not readily available or not practical in pregnancy hemovigilance is the key to making blood transfusion safer.

Incidence of acute transfusion reactions and associated factors among adult blood-transfused patients at Jimma University Medical Center, southwest Ethiopia: A cross-sectional study

“…[10,[28][29][30] However, it is lower than what was reported in studies conducted in Israel (11%) and Nigeria (26.3%). [31,32] The Israeli study focused on elderly patients with a median age of 82 ± 9 which may explain the higher incidence observed. However, the participants in our study had a median age of 35 years old, with only a small proportion being older age (14.8%).…”

“…The Nigeria study focused solely on pregnant ladies, especially those who had partial abortions, and placenta cover-up and fetal-maternal bleeding (placenta previa and fetal-maternal hemorrhage), which could contribute to the occurrence of ATR. [31] Multigravida, in particular, mainly results from the production of antibodies to leukocytes or PLT antigens due to the transfer of fetal blood cells to maternal circulation during pregnancy or at the time of delivery at large. This suggests that mothers having preformed white cell antibodies after conception or miscarriage are prone to develop FNHTR and hypersensitivity responses, as they receive blood components with leukocytes.…”

“…The current finding is consistent with research undertaken in the US (61.4% and 35.7%), India (60.4% and 31.2%), Saudi Arabia (41.9% and 34.4%), Nigeria (47.7% and 24.5%), and Zimbabwe (58.5% and 31.6%). [31,[36][37][38][39] These studies revealed that FNHTR was the most commonly observed type of transfusion reaction. However, contrary to this study's findings, studies conducted in Japan, Malaysia, and Ethiopia [10,33,40] showed a higher frequency of allergic reactions.…”

Prevalensi Reaksi Transfusi Darah Penderita Talasemia Beta Mayor yang Bergantung Transfusi di RSD Idaman Banjarbaru Tahun 2020-2021

“…Hal ini sesuai dengan penelitian Ibrahim,. 15 yang menyatakan bahwa terdapat perbedaan yang sangat signifikan antara darah yang disimpan >24 jam dan darah yang tidak disimpan <24 jam terhadap terjadinya reaksi transfusi. Namun pada penelitian ini, masa simpan darah sebagai faktor risiko reaksi transfusi tidak sesuai dengan penelitian sebelumnya.…”

Promoting national blood systems in developing countries

“…]. In resource-limited settings, transfusion is, in many cases, the only treatment option [20]. In one study, 46% of the children enrolled, mostly with malariarelated anemia, presented with hemoglobin counts under 4 g/dl [13 & ].…”