Acute Bronchiolitis in Children

Hubble, Douglas; Osborn, G. R.

doi:10.1136/bmj.1.4177.107

Cited by 52 publications

(20 citation statements)

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“…Bronchiolitis primarily affects the terminal and respiratory bronchioles causing fibrinoid necrosis and desquamative epithelial changes [1]. There is evidence of an association between viral bronchiolitis during childhood and lung function impairments in later years.…”

Section: Origin Of Small Airways Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

Small Airways Disease in Asthma

Gulliver¹,

Piedimonte²,

Eid³

2006

CRMR

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Small airway plays a major role in viral infection of the respiratory tract in infants and young children. Indeed these early viral infections have been shown to lead to airway remodeling and early development of non allergic asthma by affecting the expression of critical growth factors. In the old child and adult however, and until very recently, asthma has been considered largely a disease of the large airways. But as our understanding of asthma evolves, it now seems that the disease process in asthma is located in all parts of the tracheobronchial tree, small airways, and alveoli. Small airway remodeling has the potential to produce fixed airflow obstruction, which if untreated and unrecognized can lead chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.With the recognition of the important role of the small airways in the pathogenesis of asthma in infants as well as in adults, more aggressive modalities of treatment are urgently needed in order to have a positive impact on asthma outcome. This article will review the impact of early viral infections on airway remodeling in infants, the role that small airways play in older asthmatics, and finally the potential role of new HFA formulation for the treatment of asthma.

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Section: Origin Of Small Airways Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

Small Airways Disease in Asthma

Gulliver¹,

Piedimonte²,

Eid³

2006

CRMR

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“…Tachypnoea, hyperinflation and recession are typically present. Auscultation reveals widespread crepitations often, but not universally, accompanied by rhonchi [49, 81,87,148,158]. Limiting the term bronchiolitis to such patients may well be important in unravelling the underlying mechanisms if it is indeed a distinct entity.…”

Section: Clinical Aspects Of Acute Bronchiolitismentioning

confidence: 98%

“…The importance of oxygen therapy has been known for many years [87,160] and remains the cornerstone of therapy. Hypoxia due to ventilation/perfusion mismatching is frequent [66,159] though it can difficult to detect clinically in infants with bronchiolitis [66].…”

Section: Management Of Acute Bronchiolitismentioning

confidence: 99%

The respiratory syncitial virus and its role in acute bronchiolitis

Everard

Milner

1992

Eur J Pediatr

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“…It is certainly the most important cause of lowerrespiratory-tract infection in the very young and a major cause in the elderly, although RSV pneumonic illnesses are also well described in young adults in institutions. The most common form of lower-respiratory-tract illness noted in infants is 'acute bronchiolitis' [1,35]. In addition it remains the commonest cause of pneumonia and virusassociated wheeze in the under 2-year-olds and may also cause croup.…”

Section: Phenotypes Of Respiratory Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%