Acute cadmium biotic ligand model characteristics of laboratory-reared and wild yellow perch (Perca flavescens) relative to rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Abstract

This study evaluated the >400-fold tolerance to acute waterborne Cd of a metal-tolerant fish, yellow perch (YP, Perca flavescens), relative to a sensitive model fish, rainbow trout (RBT, Oncorhynchus mykiss), from the perspective of the acute Cd biotic ligand model (BLM). Three-hour gill binding characteristics for Cd and its competitor, Ca, in both species exhibited only small quantitative differences, but gill Cd accumulations at 3 h and 24 h, which were associated with 50% lethality at 96 h (3-and 24-h LA50s), were 52-to 60-fold higher in YP relative to RBT. However, the acute Cd BLM cannot be extended from RBT to YP by simple adjustments of LA50 values because unlike RBT, in YP, LA50s (3 and 24 h) were 26-to 47-fold greater than the capacity of the characterized set of Cd-binding sites. Moreover, 3-h gill Ca and Cd binding characteristics in wild YP, collected from one clean (Geneva) and two metalcontaminated softwater lakes (Hannah and Whitson) around Sudbury region, northern Ontario, revealed that chronic waterborne factors like hardness and Cd preexposure can influence both Cd and Ca binding in fish gills and could have major implications for the future refinement of the acute Cd BLM approach.Résumé : Notre étude examine la tolérance à une exposition aiguë au cadmium (Cd) dans l'eau chez la perchaude (YP, Perca flavescens), un poisson tolérant aux métaux, tolérance plus de 400 fois plus élevée que celle de la truite arc-en-ciel (RBT, Oncorhynchus mykiss), un poisson modèle sensible, d'après le modèle du ligand biotique (BLM) de la toxicité aiguë du Cd. Les caractéristiques de liaison du cadmium et de son compétiteur, le calcium, au niveau de la branchie après 3 h n'affichent que de faibles différences quantitatives chez les deux espèces, mais les accumulations de cadmium après 3 h et 24 h, qui sont associées à une mortalité de 50 % après 96 h (LA50, 3 h et 24 h), sont de 52-60 fois plus élevées chez la perchaude que chez la truite. Cependant, le modèle BLM pour une exposition aiguë au cadmium ne peut être adapté de la truite à la perchaude par simple ajustement des valeurs de LA50 parce que, contrairement à la truite, la perchaude affiche des valeurs de LA50 (3 h et 24 h) 26-47 fois plus élevées que la capacité de la série caractérisée de sites de liaison du cadmium. De plus, les caractéristiques de liaison du calcium et du cadmium après 3 h dans la branchie de perchaudes sauvages, provenant d'un lac propre (Geneva) et de deux lacs contaminés (Hannah et Whitson), tous trois de faible dureté, de la région de Sudbury dans le nord de l'Ontario, démontrent que des facteurs aqueux chroniques, comme la dureté et l'exposition préalable au cadmium, peuvent affecter la liaison tant du cadmium que du calcium dans les branchies de poissons et peuvent avoir des conséquences majeures pour l'amélioration de la méthode BLM pour l'étude de l'exposition aiguë au Cd.[Traduit par la Rédaction] Niyogi et al. 953

Metal Mixture Modeling Evaluation project: 2. Comparison of four modeling approaches

“…In contrast, the LA50 values for the HDR and CEH models varied more (0.01% for Cd, 7% for Zn, and 2.9% for Pb for the HDR model; 0.05% for Cd, 9.8% for Zn, and 22% for Pb for the CEH model). For comparison, experimentally derived LA50 values for Cd, Zn, and Pb in rainbow trout studies have ranged from 10% to 64% coverage of strong binding sites on the gill [36][37][38][39]. These values represent the higher end of the model-calculated LA50 values and are not supportive of the very low LA50 values for Cd in the HDR model.…”

Internal concentration as a better predictor of metal toxicity than the fractional coverage of metals on biotic ligand: Comparison of 3 modeling approaches

“…The experimentally derived LA50 M values for Cd, Zn, and Pb in rainbow trout studies [31][32][33][34] provided evidence of relative higher model III-derived LA50 M values ( Figure 5). However, some questions remain regarding the appropriateness of comparing experimentally derived LA50 M values (which are based on estimates for the density of binding sites that varied as a function of water chemistry and the specific metal) and model-derived LA50 M values (which are generally based on a binding site density that is considered to be constant across all water chemistries and metals).…”

Branchial versus intestinal zinc uptake in wild yellow perch (Perca flavescens) from reference and metal-contaminated aquatic ecosystems

“…Geneva Lake is located at a distance of more than 100 km northwest of the Sudbury Township. This lake was chosen as a reference lake, since it has not been contaminated by mining and smelting operations in Sudbury (Niyogi et al 2004). Hannah and Whitson lakes are situated within a range of 20 km of the Sudbury smelters and are highly metal-contaminated (Pyle et al 2005).…”

“…The teleost chosen for this study was yellow perch (Perca flavescens), the most abundant endemic fish species of these aquatic ecosystems (Pyle et al 2005). This percid is known to be quite tolerant to metals (Taylor et al 2003;Niyogi et al 2004), and it thrives in these soft, acidic, and metal-contaminated lakes of northern Ontario, where more sensitive standard laboratory species, such as rainbow trout and fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas), rarely inhabit (Pyle et al 2005). The two main objectives of this study were (i) to characterize the kinetic properties of branchial and intestinal zinc uptake pathways in wild, metalcontaminated and reference yellow perch populations and (ii) to understand whether the branchial and (or) the intestinal zinc uptake pathways carry out the important regulatory function in fish living in zinc-contaminated natural environment.…”