Acute Cerebellitis and Myeloradiculitis Associated With SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Common Variable Immunodeficiency—A Case Report

Lemus, Hernan Nicolás; Alkayyali, Miryam; Kim, Eonjung; Cunnigham-Rundles, Charlotte; Pyburn, Dewitt; Abrams, Rory

doi:10.1177/19418744211050215

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…For these exploratory analyses, 13 uncontrolled large case series without individual patient data enrolling 358 participants were included in descriptive analysis . In this study, 125 case reports or case series enrolling 265 participants were included for patient-level exploratory analyses. One study was included in both the descriptive analysis and the individual patient data analysis because individual patient data were available only for a subgroup of patients.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19 Convalescent Plasma for the Treatment of Immunocompromised Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

et al. 2023

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ImportancePatients who are immunocompromised have increased risk for morbidity and mortality associated with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) because they less frequently mount antibody responses to vaccines. Although neutralizing anti-spike monoclonal-antibody treatment has been widely used to treat COVID-19, evolutions of SARS-CoV-2 have been associated with monoclonal antibody-resistant SARS-CoV-2 variants and greater virulence and transmissibility of SARS-CoV-2. Thus, the therapeutic use of COVID-19 convalescent plasma has increased on the presumption that such plasma contains potentially therapeutic antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 that can be passively transferred to the plasma recipient.ObjectiveTo assess the growing number of reports of clinical experiences of patients with COVID-19 who are immunocompromised and treated with specific neutralizing antibodies via COVID-19 convalescent plasma transfusion.Data SourcesOn August 12, 2022, a systematic search was performed for clinical studies of COVID-19 convalescent plasma use in patients who are immunocompromised.Study SelectionRandomized clinical trials, matched cohort studies, and case report or series on COVID-19 convalescent plasma use in patients who are immunocompromised were included. The electronic search yielded 462 unique records, of which 199 were considered for full-text screening.Data Extraction and SynthesisThe study followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. Data were extracted by 3 independent reviewers in duplicate and pooled.Main Outcomes and MeauresThe prespecified end point was all-cause mortality after COVID-19 convalescent plasma transfusion; exploratory subgroup analyses were performed based on putative factors associated with the potential mortality benefit of convalescent plasma.ResultsThis systematic review and meta-analysis included 3 randomized clinical trials enrolling 1487 participants and 5 controlled studies. Additionally, 125 case series or reports enrolling 265 participants and 13 uncontrolled large case series enrolling 358 participants were included. Separate meta-analyses, using models both stratified and pooled by study type (ie, randomized clinical trials and matched cohort studies), demonstrated that transfusion of COVID-19 convalescent plasma was associated with a decrease in mortality compared with the control cohort for the amalgam of both randomized clinical trials and matched cohort studies (risk ratio [RR], 0.63 [95% CI, 0.50-0.79]).Conclusions and RelevanceThese findings suggest that transfusion of COVID-19 convalescent plasma is associated with mortality benefit for patients who are immunocompromised and have COVID-19.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19 Convalescent Plasma for the Treatment of Immunocompromised Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

et al. 2023

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“…In one report, SARS-CoV-2 was associated with acute cerebellitis and myeloradiculitis in a patient with CVID [ 103 ]. The patient presented with one week history of difficulty walking and was found to have an acute cerebellar syndrome and myeloradiculopathy in the setting of mild COVID-19 disease.…”

Section: Covid-19mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The patient presented with one week history of difficulty walking and was found to have an acute cerebellar syndrome and myeloradiculopathy in the setting of mild COVID-19 disease. Her neurological function improved following administration of convalescent plasma, steroids, and intravenous immunoglobulin, though it is impossible to draw conclusions on therapy from this case alone [ 103 ].…”

Section: Covid-19mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Scope and Impact of Viral Infections in Common Variable Immunodeficiency (CVID) and CVID-like Disorders: A Literature Review

Al-Hakim,

Kacar,

Savic

2024

JCM

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Common Variable Immunodeficiency (CVID) is a heterogeneous primary immunodeficiency disorder characterised by impaired antibody production, leading to recurrent infections and an increased susceptibility to viral pathogens. This literature review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of CVID’s relationship with viral infections, encompassing disease pathogenesis, key presenting features, specific monogenic susceptibilities, the impact of COVID-19, and existing treatment options. The pathogenesis of CVID involves complex immunological dysregulation, including defects in B cell development, antibody class switching, and plasma cell differentiation. These abnormalities contribute to an impaired humoral immune response against viral agents, predisposing individuals with CVID to a broad range of viral infections. Genetic factors play a prominent role in CVID, and monogenic drivers of CVID-like disease are increasingly identified through advanced genomic studies. Some monogenic causes of the CVID-like phenotype appear to cause specific viral susceptibilities, and these are explored in the review. The emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic highlighted CVID patients’ heightened predisposition to severe outcomes with viral infections. This review explores the clinical manifestations, outcomes, and potential therapeutic approaches for COVID-19 in CVID patients. It assesses the efficacy of prophylactic measures for COVID-19, including vaccination and immunoglobulin replacement therapy, as well as trialled therapies.

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Cerebellitis following COVID-19 infection: A case-based systematic review and pooled analysis

Najdaghi,

Narimani Davani,

Hashemian

et al. 2024

Heliyon

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Acute Cerebellitis and Myeloradiculitis Associated With SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Common Variable Immunodeficiency—A Case Report

Cited by 4 publications

References 25 publications

COVID-19 Convalescent Plasma for the Treatment of Immunocompromised Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

COVID-19 Convalescent Plasma for the Treatment of Immunocompromised Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

The Scope and Impact of Viral Infections in Common Variable Immunodeficiency (CVID) and CVID-like Disorders: A Literature Review

Cerebellitis following COVID-19 infection: A case-based systematic review and pooled analysis

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