Acute Compartment Syndrome of the Upper Extremity

Prasarn, Mark L.; Ouellette, Elizabeth Anne

doi:10.5435/00124635-201101000-00006

Cited by 107 publications

(98 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Management entails high vigilance, early diagnosis, careful monitoring and emergency fasciotomy (10). Aggressive physiotherapy, coupled with medical and surgical treatment from onset, ensures best functional outcome.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Case of Upper Limb Compartment Syndrome Following Snake Envenomation Measured Twice, Cut Once

et al. 2014

West Indian Med J

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Case of Upper Limb Compartment Syndrome Following Snake Envenomation Measured Twice, Cut Once

et al. 2014

West Indian Med J

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“…Regardless of the specific etiology, the final common pathway of ACS is excessive pressure within muscle compartments, which leads to impaired perfusion. Left untreated, myonecrosis, contracture, neurologic dysfunction, and long-term disability can result [2,4,[9][10][11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acute compartment syndrome of the upper extremity in children: Diagnosis, management, and outcomes

Kanj

Gunderson

Carrigan

et al. 2013

Journal of Children's Orthopaedics

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Purpose Acute compartment syndrome (ACS) of the upper extremity is a rare but serious condition. The purpose of this study was to determine the etiology, diagnosis, treatment, and outcome of ACS of the upper extremity in a pediatric population. Methods We performed a retrospective chart review of all patients who underwent a decompressive fasciotomy for ACS of the upper extremity. Data collected included demographics, injury details, presenting symptoms, compartment measurements, time to diagnosis, time to treatment, and outcomes at the latest follow-up. Results Twenty-three children underwent fasciotomies for ACS of the forearm (15) and hand (8), at an average age of 9.3 years (range 0-17.8 years). The most common etiologies were fracture (13) and intravenous (IV) infiltration (3). The most common presenting symptoms were pain (83 %) and swelling (65 %). Compartment pressures were measured in 17/23 patients, and all but two patients had at least one compartment with a pressure [30 mmHg. The final two patients were diagnosed and treated for ACS based on clinical signs and symptoms. The average time from injury to fasciotomy was 32.8 h (3.7-158.0 h). Longterm outcome was excellent for 17 patients (74 %) and fair for 5 (22 %), based on the presence of loss of motor function, stiffness, or decreased sensation. One patient with brachial plexus injury and poor baseline function was excluded from functional outcome scoring. There was no association between the time from diagnosis to fasciotomy and functional outcome at the final follow-up (p = 1.000). Conclusions Although ACS of the upper extremity in children is often associated with a long delay between injury and fasciotomy, most children still achieve excellent outcomes. The majority of patients presented with pain and at least one additional symptom, but treatment was often delayed, implying that ACS of the upper extremity in children is a difficult diagnosis to establish and may be associated with a prolonged clinical time course.

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“…(Sawyer et al, 2010). An adequate sensory neurological examination was not possible in most of the (pediatric) patients due to the poor patient cooperation in this particular age group (Kadiyala & Waters, 1998;Paletta & Dehghan, 1994;Prasarn & Ouellette, 2011). A high index of suspicion for a Compartment Syndrome should always be maintained in all obtunded patients.…”

Section: Clinical Signs and Symptomes For Diagnosis Of Compartment Symentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A Compartment Syndrome has either extrinsic or intrinsic causes, and will be described as acute, subacute, chronic, or recurrent (Bae et al, 2001;Grottkau et al, 2005;Joseph et al, 2006;Krahn, 2005;Mars & Hadley, 1998;Mubarak & Carroll, 1979;Ouellette, 1998;Paletta & Dehghan, 1994;Prasarn & Ouellette, 2009, 2011Ragland et al, 2005;Ramos et al, 2006;Sawyer, 2010;Wright, 2009 Blakemoore et al, 2000;Grottkau et al, 2005;Krahn, 2005;Krenzien et al, 1998;Mubarak & Carroll, 1979;Ouellette, 1998;Paletta & Dehghan, 1994;Preis, 2000;Ragland et al, 2005;Ramos et al, 2006;Wright, 2009). …”

Section: Definition Of Terms: Compartment Syndrome Volkmann Contractmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In children, Compartment Syndrome is also a recognized complication of high-energy and crush injuries, small or extensive blunt trauma, or burns (Grottkau et al, 2005;Mars & Hadley, 1998;Prasarn & Ouellette, 2011;Ramos et al, 2006;Shin et al, 1996;Wright, 2009). Not to forget rhabdomyolysis of any orign (Paletta & Dehghan, 1994;Ramos et al, 2006), ischemiareperfusion events (Bae et al, 2001;Ramos et al, 2006;Shin et al, 1996), all types of infection and septicemia (ie influenza, HIV, enteroviruses) (Bae et al, 2001;Mars & Hadley, 1998), and bleeding disorders (Bae et al, 2001;Paletta & Dehghan, 1994;Ramos et al, 2006).…”

Section: Typical and Atypical Causes Of Forearm Compartment Syndromementioning

confidence: 99%

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Special Aspects of Forearm Compartment Syndrome in Children

Fette¹

2012

Orthopedic Surgery

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Acute Compartment Syndrome of the Upper Extremity

Cited by 107 publications

References 40 publications

A Case of Upper Limb Compartment Syndrome Following Snake Envenomation Measured Twice, Cut Once

A Case of Upper Limb Compartment Syndrome Following Snake Envenomation Measured Twice, Cut Once

Acute compartment syndrome of the upper extremity in children: Diagnosis, management, and outcomes

Special Aspects of Forearm Compartment Syndrome in Children

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